Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

138 questions · 169 findings · 32 reviews · Tobacco Addiction

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No studies found 8 · 4.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 49 · 29%Low 59 · 34.9%Moderate 39 · 23.1%High 14 · 8.3%

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation at longest · Adult smokers

The intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nursing interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.29 [1.21, 1.38]
37 studies · 16865 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation at longest · Adult smokers

The intervention showed no clear difference in smoking cessation at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nursing interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.27 [0.99, 1.62]
7 studies · 4016 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Smoking prevalence ( · Adults who smoke

1 finding from 1 review

Mass media interventions for smoking cessation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Tobacco consumption ( · Adults who smoke

1 finding from 1 review

Mass media interventions for smoking cessation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Abstinence or quit rates ( · Adults who smoke

1 finding from 1 review

Mass media interventions for smoking cessation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Quit attempts ( · Adults who smoke

1 finding from 1 review

Mass media interventions for smoking cessation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Outcomes1 · adults who want to stop smoking

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Internet‐based interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Interactive and tailored versus non‐active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention may leads to higher interactive and tailored versus non‐active control Self‐report or… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Internet‐based interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.15 [1.01, 1.3]
8 studies · 6786 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Internet versus active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in internet versus active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Internet‐based interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.78, 1.09]
5 studies · 3806 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based non‐active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention probably leads to higher internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Internet‐based interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.69 [1.3, 2.18]
5 studies · 2334 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based active… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Internet‐based interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.84, 1.18]
4 studies · 2769 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Cessation outcome Self‐reported/verified abstinence · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 7142 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Provision of cessation counselling Proportion of smokers counselled to quit · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 10949 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Asking about tobacco use Proportion of smokers asked about tobacco use · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 2615 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Provision of cessation advice Proportion of smokers advised to quit · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3003 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Quitline referral Proportion of smokers referred to quitline · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3006 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Quitline enrolment Proportion of smokers enrolled in quitline · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1191 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Prescription of NRT or other pharmacotherapy Proportion of smokers received NRT prescription · Smokers

1 finding from 1 review

System change interventions for smoking cessation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2615 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Cessation at longest · People who smoke

The intervention leads to higher cessation at longest (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.83 [1.68, 1.98]
52 studies · 19488 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Cessation at longest · People who smoke

The intervention probably leads to higher cessation at longest (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.88 [3.35, 4.5]
1 study · 5887 participants
Moderate