Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

353 questions · 368 findings · 26 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 70 · 19%GRADE not reported 19 · 5.2%Very low 166 · 45.1%Low 86 · 23.4%Moderate 20 · 5.4%High 7 · 1.9%

Locking plate vs locking intramedullary nail

Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)

Locking plate showed no clear difference in self‐reported shoulder function: functional scoresb(higher = better… compared with locking intramedullary nail (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Locking plate vs locking intramedullary nail

Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)

It is very uncertain whether locking plate changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with locking intramedullary nail (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) vs hemiarthroplasty

Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
3 findings from 1 review

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) vs hemiarthroplasty

Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)

It is very uncertain whether reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with hemiarthroplasty (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical vs conservative interventions

Total of participants with adverse event outcomel · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes total of participants with adverse event outcomel compared with conservative interventions (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Number of participants sustaining recurrent patellar dislocation · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes number of participants sustaining recurrent patellar dislocationa compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Kujala patellofemoral disorders score Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores = better function) · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes knee and physical functiona Measured using the Kujala patellofemoral… compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Adverse effects of treatment Overall incidence of complications · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes adverse effects of treatment Overall incidence of complications compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Patient‐reported knee instabilitya Incidence of patellar subluxation · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes patient‐reported knee instabilitya Incidence of patellar subluxation compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review