Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

179 questions · 184 findings · 37 reviews

No studies found 34 · 18.5%GRADE not reported 6 · 3.3%Very low 56 · 30.4%Low 56 · 30.4%Moderate 23 · 12.5%High 9 · 4.9%

Transarterial embolisation plus radiofrequency ablation vs radiofrequency ablation

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus radiofrequency ablation changes mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus radiofrequency ablation vs radiofrequency ablation

Serious adverse events (number of participants) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus radiofrequency ablation changes serious adverse events (number of participants) compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes mortality at maximal compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Cancer‐related mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes cancer‐related mortality at maximal compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Serious adverse events (number of participants) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes serious adverse events (number of participants) compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous alcohol injection changes mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Cancer‐related mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

Percutaneous alcohol injection may leads to higher cancer‐related mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Serious adverse events (number of participants) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous alcohol injection changes serious adverse events (number of participants) compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Serious adverse events (number of events) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous alcohol injection changes serious adverse events (number of events) compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Early mortality (90 days) · patients with diffuse emphysema

The intervention probably leads to higher early mortality (90 days) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) vs general anaesthesia

Apnoea/bradycardia occurring 12‐24 hours following completion of operation · Preterm infants requiring surgery for inguinal hernia in early infancy

Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) showed no clear difference in apnoea/bradycardia occurring 12‐24 hours following completion of… compared with general anaesthesia (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) vs general anaesthesia

Any oxygen desaturation occurring 12‐24 hours following completion of the operation · Preterm infants requiring surgery for inguinal hernia in early infancy

Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) showed no clear difference in any oxygen desaturation occurring 12‐24 hours following completion… compared with general anaesthesia (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review