Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

127 questions · 175 findings · 35 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 46 · 26.3%GRADE not reported 96 · 54.9%Very low 21 · 12%Low 3 · 1.7%Moderate 9 · 5.1%High 0 · 0%

Autologous platelet concentrates (APC) + open flap debridement (OFD) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Pocket closure (complete pocket closure) · Patients affected by infrabony defects requiring surgical treatment, regardless of their age or gender
1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Pocket closure · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment
2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Patient satisfaction · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after… led to higher change in probing pocket depth (PPD) compared with subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Attachment change · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after… led to higher change in clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Change in bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

It is very uncertain whether adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after… changes change in bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or… (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Quality of life · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Change in gingival recession (REC) · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

It is very uncertain whether adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after… changes change in gingival recession (REC) compared with subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or… (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray vs placebo

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray led to lower oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Transforming growth factor-beta(2) (TGF-beta2) vs placebo

Oral mucositis (any severity) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer

Transforming growth factor-beta(2) (TGF-beta2) showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray vs placebo

Oral mucositis (any severity) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray led to lower oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), lower dose (336 mg) vs Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), higher dose (2688 mg)

Oral mucositis (any severity) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer
1 finding from 1 review

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray vs placebo

Oral mucositis (severe) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (severe) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

LongoVital (herbal plus vitamin component) vs LongoVital (herbal component alone)

Number of ulcer-free days and number of new ulcers · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • A single trial at high risk of bias (Kolseth 2005) randomised participants to the herbal component of LongoVital alone or LongoVital with herbal plus vitamin component. Data presented as medians with 95% CIs,…
    1 study · 40 participants
    GRADE not reported

HAART regimen + topical treatment vs HAART alone

Healing of ulceration · HIV‐infected adults (> 13 years of age, per CDC) with one or more painful intraoral aphthous ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • No studies were included in this review. A total of 233 abstracts were retrieved; 25 were selected as potentially eligible but all were excluded (10 reported systemic rather than topical treatment; 3 non‐RCTs; 6…
    0 studies
    No studies found

HAART regimen + topical treatment vs HAART alone

Duration to heal oral ulcerations after initiation of treatment · HIV‐infected adults (> 13 years of age, per CDC) with one or more painful intraoral aphthous ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • No studies were included in this review. A total of 233 abstracts were retrieved; 25 were selected as potentially eligible but all were excluded (10 reported systemic rather than topical treatment; 3 non‐RCTs; 6…
    0 studies
    No studies found

HAART regimen + topical treatment vs HAART alone

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · HIV‐infected adults (> 13 years of age, per CDC) with one or more painful intraoral aphthous ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • No studies were included in this review. A total of 233 abstracts were retrieved; 25 were selected as potentially eligible but all were excluded (10 reported systemic rather than topical treatment; 3 non‐RCTs; 6…
    0 studies
    No studies found

HAART regimen + topical treatment vs HAART alone

Incidence and recurrence after healing of ulcers · HIV‐infected adults (> 13 years of age, per CDC) with one or more painful intraoral aphthous ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • No studies were included in this review. A total of 233 abstracts were retrieved; 25 were selected as potentially eligible but all were excluded (10 reported systemic rather than topical treatment; 3 non‐RCTs; 6…
    0 studies
    No studies found

CO2 laser combined with fluoride vs Fluorides alone (monotherapy)

Enamel demineralization (QLF ΔF) · Human enamel specimens under cariogenic challenge (in situ / ex vivo)

Evidence on a synergistic effect of combining CO2 laser with fluoride versus fluoride alone is mixed: one ex-vivo study found combined treatment superior while another found no synergy (ungraded, 2 ex-vivo studies, no pooled estimate).

1 finding from 1 review