Adverse effects: palpitations · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) changes adverse effects: palpitations compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Somnolence · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) changes adverse effects: drowsiness compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether electromagnetic radiation (low-level laser therapy) changes change in quality of life (QoL) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Oral health-related behaviour (denture cleaning habits) · Residents of institutions for elderly people (nursing staff and residents took part in the education programme)
1 finding from 1 review
Schou 1989 (114 residents, unclear risk of bias): the number of residents reporting correct denture cleaning habits increased, but not significantly compared to baseline (baseline N = 28; follow-up N = 38).
1 study · 114 participants
GRADE not reported
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
Change in QoL - depression (surrogate marker) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (lycopene) changes change in QoL - depression (surrogate marker) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Surgical removal of the lesion (surgical excision, laser surgery, cryotherapy) vs Placebo or no treatment
Outcome not reported · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
'We did not identify any RCTs that compared surgical treatments with placebo or no treatment.' Three surgical RCTs were found (Chee 2013, Lopez-Jornet 2013, Schwarz 2005) but all excluded because they did not include a…
Studies not reported
No studies found
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
It is very uncertain whether topical bleomycin changes improvement of histological features (not improved) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: spasmophilia · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines (topical clonazepam) changes adverse effects: spasmophilia compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality rate and cause of death · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Change in taste · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · People with BRONJ (mean age ~66 years; most treated with bisphosphonates for cancer (multiple myeloma, breast cancer) or osteoporosis)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: drowsiness (gabapentin alone) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether anticonvulsants (gabapentin 300 mg/day) changes adverse effects: drowsiness (gabapentin alone) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in feeling of dryness · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months) · topical urea 10%
SoF9. Change in feeling of dryness short-term (xerostomia questionnaire, 1-5, lower better): single study narratively reported no difference before or after treatment; 38 participants (1 RCT, topical urea); very low.
1 study · 38 participants
Very low
Adverse effects: dry mouth · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
It is very uncertain whether antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) changes adverse effects: dry mouth compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months) · hypericum perforatum
Hypericum perforatum extract (Sardella 2008, the only low-risk-of-bias study) contributes to the dietary supplements short-term symptom-relief comparison (insufficient/contradictory); no separate estimate reported.
1 study · 43 participants
GRADE not reported
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months) · hypericum perforatum
Sardella 2008 (43 participants) evaluated QoL from patient self-reports and narratively indicated that both intervention and placebo participants were better able to cope at trial completion.
1 study · 43 participants
GRADE not reported