Lumbar spine and pelvis fracture · European GWAS participants
The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.062 [0.991, 1.137]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported
Downregulation of S. mutans virulence/biofilm gene expression (gtfB, gtfC, ftf) · Cariogenic bacteria (mainly Streptococcus mutans reference strains) and oral biofilms in vitro
Postbiotics reduce expression of S. mutans biofilm/virulence genes (gtfB, gtfC, ftf) in vitro (ungraded narrative synthesis).
1 finding from 1 review
Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. 2025 All outcomesExposure 24 h to 7 days · Laboratory (in vitro)
Postbiotics downregulated expression of S. mutans virulence and exopolysaccharide-synthesis genes (e.g., gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf) in 10 in vitro studies; no pooled estimate.
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on osteoporosis with pathological fracture (single-variable MR, OR 1.003).
2 findings from 1 review
Salivary S. mutans level · children aged 6 to 12 years
No meta-analysis was conducted; the reduction in salivary Streptococcus mutans count versus fluoride toothpaste was reported as insignificant.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Log diagnostic odds ratio
1 finding from 1 review
IL-1β level · People who use electronic cigarettes
The review reports no significant e-cigarette effect on salivary IL-1β.
3 findings from 1 review
Cohen's d 0.87 [-0.33, 2.08]
9 studies
GRADE not reported
Cohen's d 0.98 [-0.03, 1.99]
11 studies
GRADE not reported
Cohen's d 1.58 [-0.79, 3.94]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Reduction of preformed S. mutans biofilms
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · European GWAS participants
The MVMR IVW interval included zero.
1 finding from 1 review
Lumbar spine and pelvis fracture · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on fracture of lumbar spine and pelvis (multivariable MR, OR 1.060).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Specificity
1 finding from 1 review
Forearm fracture · European GWAS participants
The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 0.992 [0.950, 1.036]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Log diagnostic odds ratio
1 finding from 1 review
Femoral neck bone mineral density (FN-BMD) · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on femoral neck BMD.
1 finding from 1 review
Femur fracture · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on fracture of femur (multivariable MR, OR 1.034).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Sensitivity (trim-and-fill adjusted for publication bias)
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture
The intervention led to higher postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.401 [1.040, 1.887]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Osteoporosis · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on osteoporosis (multivariable MR, OR 1.000).
2 findings from 1 review
Femur fracture · European GWAS participants
The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.024 [0.960, 1.093]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Log diagnostic odds ratio
1 finding from 1 review
Postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European GWAS participants
The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.012 [0.858, 1.193]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported