evidencegaps
Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

Refine by population, intervention, comparison or outcome
More filters
Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,954 questions · 2,335 findings · 149 reviews · Oral Health

Sort:Best matchNewestHighest certaintyDownload CSV
No studies found 436 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 1,370 · 58.7%Very low 254 · 10.9%Low 173 · 7.4%Moderate 80 · 3.4%High 22 · 0.9%

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · Children aged 0-12 years (studies published before 2015)

In studies published before 2015, OHPPs were associated with lower DMFT (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.13; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

VSC: hydrogen sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash showed no clear difference in VSC: hydrogen sulphide compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start)

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste probably leads to lower caries increment, surface index DMFS compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Proportion developing new caries · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower proportion developing new caries compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individualised oral care plan based on a multidisciplinary assessment vs usual care

Plaque · Adults aged 22 to 57 years with mixed levels of ID; setting residential
1 finding from 1 review
  • Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Medium term (6 weeks to 12 months)
    Individualised oral care plan vs usual care. Subjective Oral Hygiene Rating scale 1-5 and Improvement Differential, mean 12 months; SOHR 2.97 (intervention) vs 3.10 (control); improvement differential 38% vs 5%; 79…
    1 study · 79 participants
    Very low

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

VSC: dimethyl sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash showed no clear difference in VSC: dimethyl sulphide compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Toothbrushing + 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Toothbrushing alone

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 3 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Chlorhexidine + zinc mouthwash

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with chlorhexidine + zinc mouthwash (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs 1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) showed no clear difference in volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) compared with no tongue cleaning; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1450 ppm F toothpaste probably leads to lower caries increment, tooth index d(m)ft compared with 440 ppm F toothpaste (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CPP-ACP vs Placebo paste without CPP-ACP (fluoride toothpaste control)

Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF), fluorescence loss · Patients (mainly children) with white spot lesions (WSL)

CPP-ACP toothpaste did not differ significantly from placebo paste (fluoride control) for white spot lesion remineralization on QLF (MD 0.08, 95% CI -0.91 to 1.08; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

Cost‐effectiveness · Children aged 6 years and older (healthy except for dental caries)

In children aged 6 years and older, the cost-effectiveness estimate was extremely imprecise and not significant (OR 0.00, 95% CI 0.00 to 48704.6; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Toothbrushing + Turkish gall oral rinse vs Toothbrushing alone

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Toothbrushing + Turkish gall oral rinse showed no clear difference in dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with toothbrushing; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Essential oil mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    2 weeks
    Adverse events reported by Borden 2002 were not related to the interventions.
    1 study · 45 participants
    GRADE not reported

Lactobacillus beta lactoperoxidase (LPO) tablets vs placebo (3 tablets/4 times a day

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), gas chromatography · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Nakano 2017 (2-arm trial) compared Lactobacillus beta LPO tablets versus placebo tablets (VSC by OralChroma). The trial did not report any usable data and hence could not be included in the analysis.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Triphala and Ela decoction mouthwash vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether triphala and Ela decoction mouthwash changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review