Specificity for detecting all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Germany, pooled specificity of radiographic detection for all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries was 84.8% (95% CI 77 to 90) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Specificity 84.8 [77, 90]
9 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 80.4 [72, 87]
11 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 77.8 [70, 84]
14 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity for detecting all (initial and advanced) proximal caries · Proximal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Germany, pooled specificity of radiographic detection for all (initial and advanced) proximal caries was 91.7% (95% CI 90 to 93) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Specificity 91.7 [90, 93]
34 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 90.0 [87, 92]
38 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 92.5 [91, 94]
31 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR for detecting advanced occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Germany, the positive lr of radiographic detection for advanced occlusal caries was 5.87 (95% CI 4.3 to 8.0) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Positive LR 5.87 [4.3, 8.0]
36 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR 4.9 [3.7, 6.5]
44 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR 5.96 [3.7, 6.6]
38 studies
GRADE not reported
Advanced occlusal carious lesions · Permanent molar surfaces in diagnostic accuracy studies (mostly in vitro; clinical)
Pooled specificity for visual detection of advanced occlusal lesions was 0.849 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.89).
2 findings from 1 review
Specificity 84.9 [82, 89]
55 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 90.9 [88, 93]
94 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR for detecting all (initial and advanced) proximal caries · Proximal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the conventional (all-studies) meta-analysis, the positive lr of radiographic detection for all (initial and advanced) proximal caries was 4.3 (95% CI 3.4 to 5.5) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Positive LR 4.3 [3.4, 5.5]
38 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR 4.89 [3.9, 6.2]
34 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR 5.34 [4.2, 6.8]
31 studies
GRADE not reported
NPV for detecting all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the Egyptian public health clinic setting, the negative predictive value of visual detection for all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries was 97.4% at an assumed prevalence of 12.9% (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
NPV 97.4
51 studies
GRADE not reported
NPV 68.6
12 studies
GRADE not reported
Number of border adjustments and sore spots after insertion of denture · Completely edentulous people
1 finding from 1 review
Sensitivity for detecting advanced occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Egypt, pooled sensitivity of radiographic detection for advanced occlusal caries was 54.2% (95% CI 47 to 61) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Sensitivity 54.2 [47, 61]
38 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity 52.3 [44, 60]
44 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity 50.8 [43, 59]
36 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity for detecting all (initial and advanced) proximal caries · Proximal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the conventional (all-studies) meta-analysis, pooled sensitivity of radiographic detection for all (initial and advanced) proximal caries was 43.2% (95% CI 36 to 51) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Sensitivity 43.2 [36, 51]
38 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity 40.2 [32, 48]
31 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity 40.5 [33, 48]
34 studies
GRADE not reported
NPV for detecting advanced occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the Egyptian public health clinic setting, the negative predictive value of radiographic detection for advanced occlusal caries was 89.3% at an assumed prevalence of 19.0% (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
NPV 89.3
38 studies
GRADE not reported
NPV 94.3
36 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity for detecting advanced occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Germany, pooled specificity of visual detection for advanced occlusal caries was 96.5% (95% CI 95 to 97) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Specificity 96.5 [95, 97]
50 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 90.9 [88, 93]
94 studies
GRADE not reported
Specificity 84.9 [82, 89]
55 studies
GRADE not reported
PPV for detecting all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the German private-practice setting, the positive predictive value of radiographic detection for all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries was 22.6% at an assumed prevalence of 11.0% (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
PPV 22.6
9 studies
GRADE not reported
PPV 32.1
11 studies
GRADE not reported
NPV for detecting advanced occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the German private-practice setting, the negative predictive value of visual detection for advanced occlusal caries was 85.9% at an assumed prevalence of 22.0% (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
NPV 85.9
50 studies
GRADE not reported
NPV 97.5
55 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR for detecting all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Egypt, the positive lr of visual detection for all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries was 3.73 (95% CI 3.1 to 4.4) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Positive LR 3.73 [3.1, 4.4]
51 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR 5.56 [3.7, 8.5]
12 studies
GRADE not reported
Positive LR 3.46 [2.8, 4.3]
67 studies
GRADE not reported
PPV for detecting advanced occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the Egyptian public health clinic setting, the positive predictive value of radiographic detection for advanced occlusal caries was 58.3% at an assumed prevalence of 19.0% (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
PPV 58.3
38 studies
GRADE not reported
PPV 39.5
36 studies
GRADE not reported
PPV for detecting all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the German private-practice setting, the positive predictive value of visual detection for all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries was 82.0% at an assumed prevalence of 45.0% (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
PPV 82.0
12 studies
GRADE not reported
PPV 35.6
51 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity for detecting all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries · Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars (demonstrated in 12-14 year-olds; underlying diagnostic accuracy studies, mostly in vitro)
In the meta-analysis tailored to Germany, pooled sensitivity of radiographic detection for all (initial and advanced) occlusal caries was 36.0% (95% CI 20 to 56) (ungraded).
3 findings from 1 review
Sensitivity 36.0 [20, 56]
9 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity 38.6 [25, 54]
14 studies
GRADE not reported
Sensitivity 39.7 [25, 56]
11 studies
GRADE not reported
All proximal carious lesions · Permanent molar surfaces in diagnostic accuracy studies (mostly in vitro; clinical)
Pooled specificity for radiographic detection of all proximal lesions was 0.900 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.92).
1 finding from 1 review
Death or dependency at end of · people with acute stroke
It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes death or dependency at end of compared with all control (sham and open) (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Death or institutional care by the end of · people with acute stroke
Acupuncture showed no clear difference in death or institutional care at end of compared with all control (sham and open) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review