Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,257 questions · 1,337 findings · 183 reviews

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No studies found 175 · 13.1%GRADE not reported 212 · 15.9%Very low 286 · 21.4%Low 341 · 25.5%Moderate 254 · 19%High 69 · 5.2%

Hypnosis vs relaxation control

BPI: Brief Pain Inventory · chronic pain in MS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

TENS vs sham

Reduction in disability · chronic back pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 90 participants
Very low

Neurofeedback vs relaxation control

Reduction in pain intensity · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Neurofeedback vs relaxation control

Reduction in fatigue · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Neurofeedback vs relaxation control

Reduction in pain interference · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Reflexology vs sham

Reduction in pain · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 110 participants
Very low

Reflexology vs sham

Reduction in disability · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low

Reflexology vs sham

Improvement in quality of life · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low

Reflexology vs sham

Reduction in fatigue · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low

Reflexology vs sham

Reduction in depression · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low

Reflexology vs sham

Reduction in Spasms · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 71 participants
Very low

TENS vs sham

Quality of life · chronic back pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 90 participants
Very low

Ai Chi Exercises vs sham

Reduction in pain intensity · chronic musculoskeletal pain in people with MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Ai Chi Exercises vs sham

Reduction in disability · chronic musculoskeletal pain in people with MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Ai Chi Exercises vs sham

Quality of life · chronic musculoskeletal pain in people with MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Ai Chi Exercises vs sham

Reduction in fatigue · chronic musculoskeletal pain in people with MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

tDCS vs sham

Reduction in pain intensity · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 35 participants
Very low

tDCS vs sham

Reduction in fatigue · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

ADMG + CAF vs SCTG + CAF

Attachment change · Adult patients with single (localised) recession-type defects (Miller Class I/II, at least 3 mm)

ADMG + CAF showed no clear difference in clinical attachment level change compared with SCTG + CAF (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Root coverage procedures for treating localised and multiple recession‐type defects 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (6 to 12 months)
MD -0.53 [-1.14, 0.08]
4 studies · 100 participants
Low

EMP + CAF vs CAF

Attachment change · Adult patients with single (localised) recession-type defects (Miller Class I/II, at least 3 mm)

EMP + CAF showed no clear difference in clinical attachment level change compared with CAF (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Root coverage procedures for treating localised and multiple recession‐type defects 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (6 to 12 months)
MD 0.22 [-0.02, 0.45]
3 studies · 136 participants
Low
Root coverage procedures for treating localised and multiple recession‐type defects 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short and medium term (6 to 24 months)
MD 0.35 [0.09, 0.61]
3 studies
GRADE not reported