What do systematic reviews say?

Multifactorial interventions vs exercise

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multifactorial interventions vs exercise

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining one or more falls compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.9, 1.03]
  29 studies · 9637 participants
  Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining recurrent falls (defined as 2 or more… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.87 [0.74, 1.03]
  12 studies · 3368 participants
  Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.73 [0.53, 1.01]
  9 studies · 2850 participants
  Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people who experience a fall that required hospital… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.92, 1.07]
  15 studies · 5227 participants
  Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people who experience a fall that required medical attention compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.75, 1.1]
  8 studies · 3078 participants
  Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2373 participants
  Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multifactorial interventions vs exercise

It is very uncertain whether multifactorial interventions changes rate of falls (falls per person years) compared with exercise (very low certainty).

• Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 0.13 [0.01, 2.46]
  1 study · 51 participants
  Very low

TENS vs sham

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 90 participants
  Very low

tDCS vs sham

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 35 participants
  Very low

tDCS vs sham

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 19 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 16 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 16 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 16 participants
  Very low

Telephone‐Delivered Education Group vs sham

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 163 participants
  Very low

Telephone‐Delivered Education Group vs sham

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 163 participants
  Very low

Hypnosis vs relaxation control

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Hypnosis vs relaxation control

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low