Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,720 questions · 15,377 findings · 900 reviews

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No studies found 3,865 · 25.1%GRADE not reported 2,291 · 14.9%Very low 3,875 · 25.2%Low 3,287 · 21.4%Moderate 1,681 · 10.9%High 378 · 2.5%

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Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2134) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1309 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1309 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(889) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1421 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1421 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2578) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 1948 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(60) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 31 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2169) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 4007 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(621) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1336 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1336 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(5032) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 4752 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(1003) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 533 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(242) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 182 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2693) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 3886 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2601) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 3615 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(4984) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 4688 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(513) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 369 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(939) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 2674 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2384) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 studies · 3692 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training vs alternative mental health literacy interventions

Individual mental health ‐ not measured · improving mental health and wellbeing

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mental Health First Aid as a tool for improving mental health and well‐being 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training vs alternative mental health literacy interventions

Mental health service usage ‐ not measured · improving mental health and wellbeing

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mental Health First Aid as a tool for improving mental health and well‐being 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training vs alternative mental health literacy interventions

Adverse effects of MHFA ‐ not measured · improving mental health and wellbeing

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mental Health First Aid as a tool for improving mental health and well‐being 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 17 RCTs Total participants: 22,819 · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 studies · 22819 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

LD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 0 RCTs; 0 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
Low