What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe adverse events (≥ grade 3) (low certainty).

• First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.35 [0.08, 1.66]
  5 studies · 515 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in nausea (moderate certainty).

• First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.29, 1.26]
  4 studies · 466 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

IRI with fluoropyrimidines vs single agent IRI

IRI with fluoropyrimidines showed no clear difference in overall survival (Death) compared with single agent IRI (low certainty).

• Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.91 [0.81, 1.02]
  5 studies · 1728 participants
  Low

IRI with fluoropyrimidines vs single agent IRI

IRI with fluoropyrimidines probably leads to lower progression‐free survival (Disease progression) compared with single agent IRI (moderate certainty).

• Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.68 [0.53, 0.83]
  3 studies · 600 participants
  Moderate

IRI with fluoropyrimidines vs single agent IRI

IRI with fluoropyrimidines probably leads to lower grade 3/4 diarrhea compared with single agent IRI (moderate certainty).

• Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.66 [0.51, 0.85]
  5 studies · 1179 participants
  Moderate

IRI with fluoropyrimidines vs single agent IRI

IRI with fluoropyrimidines showed no clear difference in grade 3/4 nausea compared with single agent IRI (low certainty).

• Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.07, 1.58]
  3 studies · 209 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower overall survival Hazard ratio (moderate certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.88 [0.8, 0.96]
  10 studies · 2122 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to higher complete resection (R0) Histology (moderate certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.11 [1.03, 1.19]
  9 studies · 2135 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in local‐regional recurrence Radiology (moderate certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.86 [0.63, 1.17]
  8 studies · 2047 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in distant recurrence Radiology (moderate certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.94 [0.78, 1.13]
  7 studies · 1947 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in any complication Clinical (moderate certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.81, 1.08]
  5 studies · 1340 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in postoperative death Clinical (low certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.68, 1.28]
  10 studies · 2196 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in anastomotic leaks Clinical/radiology (moderate certainty).

• Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.62, 1.37]
  8 studies · 1501 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Adjuvant (post‐surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1008 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Adjuvant (post‐surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1170 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Adjuvant (post‐surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  925 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Adjuvant (post‐surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  925 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Adjuvant (post‐surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non‐platinum single‐agent vs non‐platinum combination treatment

Non‐platinum single‐agent may leads to lower overall survival (OS) compared with non‐platinum combination treatment (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer in the elderly population 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92
  5 studies · 1294 participants
  Low