Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining one or more falls compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.9, 1.03]
29 studies · 9637 participants
Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Number of people sustaining recurrent falls (defined as two or more falls in a specified time period) · Older people living in the community

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining recurrent falls (defined as 2 or more… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.87 [0.74, 1.03]
12 studies · 3368 participants
Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.73 [0.53, 1.01]
9 studies · 2850 participants
Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Number of people who experience a fall that required hospital admission · Older people living in the community

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people who experience a fall that required hospital… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.92, 1.07]
15 studies · 5227 participants
Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Number of people who experience a fall that required medical attention · Older people living in the community

Multifactorial interventions showed no clear difference in number of people who experience a fall that required medical attention compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.75, 1.1]
8 studies · 3078 participants
Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Health‐related quality of life · Older people living in the community

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 2373 participants
Low

Multifactorial interventions vs usual care or attention control

Adverse effects · Older people living in the community

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multifactorial interventions vs exercise

Falls · Older people living in the community

It is very uncertain whether multifactorial interventions changes rate of falls (falls per person years) compared with exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.13 [0.01, 2.46]
1 study · 51 participants
Very low

TENS vs sham

Reduction in pain intensity · chronic back pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 90 participants
Very low

tDCS vs sham

Reduction in anxiety and depression · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 35 participants
Very low

tDCS vs sham

Improvement in QoL · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Reduction in pain · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Reduction in anxiety and depression · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Reduction in fatigue · chronic neuropathic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

Telephone‐Delivered Education Group vs sham

Reduction in pain interference, depression,fatigu e · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 163 participants
Very low

Telephone‐Delivered Education Group vs sham

Improvement in pain, self efficacy,patient activation, health‐related quality of life, social role satisfaction,resilience,positive and negative affect · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 163 participants
Very low

Hypnosis vs relaxation control

Reduction in pain intensity · chronic pain in MS

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low