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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
767 questions in 53 reviews · Back and Neck
current versionsNo studies 149 · 19.4%Ungraded 41 · 5.3%Very low 168 · 21.9%Low 226 · 29.5%Moderate 156 · 20.3%High 27 · 3.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Pain pressure threshold short term · patients with chronic neck pain (pain for more than 90 days) Acupuncture for neck disorders (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 132 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Disability (NDI) short term Function (NPQ) short term · patients with chronic neck pain (pain for more than 90 days) Acupuncture for neck disorders (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 118 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Quality of life (SF‐36, Functional Component) short term · patients with chronic neck pain (pain for more than 90 days) Acupuncture for neck disorders (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 143 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Pain intensity (VAS) short term · patients with chronic neck pain (pain for more than 90 days) Acupuncture for neck disorders (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Moderate |
Back school vs combined physical therapies Pain (short‐term) Pain index1. Scale from: 0 to 70. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Back school vs joint manipulation Pain (short‐term) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Very low |
Back school vs joint manipulation Pain (intermediate‐term) VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 54 participants | Very low |
Back school vs joint manipulation Disability (short‐term) Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Very low |
Back school vs joint manipulation Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 55 participants | Very low |
Back school vs joint manipulation Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.35, 2.94] | 1 study · 97 participants | Very low |
Back school vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation Pain (short‐term) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Very low |
Back school vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation Pain (intermediate‐term) VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 63 participants | Very low |
Back school vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation Disability (short‐term) Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Very low |
Back school vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Very low |
Back school vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.34, 2.57] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Back school vs combined physical therapies Duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.41, 1.01] | 1 study · 116 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Pain (short‐term) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 156 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Pain (intermediate‐term) VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 140 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Pain (long‐term) VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 141 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Disability (short‐term) Roland Morris Diability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 156 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 140 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Disability (long‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 141 participants | Very low |
Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone Work absence at 30 days Number of participants on sick‐leave · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.94 [0.76, 1.16] | 1 study · 168 participants | Very low |
Back school vs advice Days of sick‐leave at 1 year · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 56 participants | Very low |
Back school vs short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity Pain (short‐term) Pain index1. Scale from: 0 to 70. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |
Back school vs short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity Duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.53 [0.35, 0.8] | 1 study · 121 participants | Very low |
Back school vs myofascial therapy Pain (short‐term) Visual analogue scale (VAS). Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 63 participants | Very low |
Back school vs myofascial therapy Pain (intermediate‐term) VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
Back school vs myofascial therapy Disability (short‐term) Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 63 participants | Very low |
Back school vs myofascial therapy Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
Back school vs myofascial therapy Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.59 [0.48, 5.3] | 1 study · 99 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 6 months (0 to 100%) · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 349 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 1 year (0 to 100%) · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 340 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 2 years (0 to 100%) · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 315 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain ‐ 3 months (0 to 10) · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.38 | 1 study · 31 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain ‐ 4 years (0 to 10) · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 7.5 | 1 study · 30 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain ‐ 10 years (0 to 10) · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 4.09 | 1 study · 29 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 6 weeks · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | MD 5.7 | 1 study · 38 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ‐ 6 weeks · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | MD 2.4 | 1 study · 38 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Zurich Claudication Questionnaire ‐ 6 weeks · lumbar spinal stenosis Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 38 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain VAS (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 13 studies · 872 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain VAS (0 to 100) Long‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 406 participants | High |
Intervention NR Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 282 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Intermediate · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 485 participants | High |
Intervention NR Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Long‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 406 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse events · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain VAS (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 291 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Pain VAS (0 to 100) Intermediate · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 348 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain VAS (0 to 100) Long‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 279 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain Motor control exercise for chronic non‐specific low‐back pain (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 332 participants | Very low |