What do systematic reviews say?

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Low

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Low

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in fetal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.6, 1.12]
  5 studies · 516 participants
  Moderate

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.45 [0.9, 2.33]
  5 studies · 397 participants
  Moderate

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.2 [0.02, 1.6]
  1 study · 87 participants
  Low

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in fetal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.11 [0.01, 1.96]
  1 study · 87 participants
  Low

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.06, 13.7]
  1 study · 83 participants
  Low

Nitroglycerin vs Placebo or no active treatment

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Low

Nitroglycerin vs Placebo or no active treatment

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Low

Nitroglycerin vs Placebo or no active treatment

• Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Low

Rutosides vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

External pneumatic intermittent compression vs rest

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH changes symptomatic thromboembolic events ( compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.16 [0.02, 1.36]
  1 study · 210 participants
  Very low

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH changes symptomatic PE ( compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.16 [0.01, 3.34]
  1 study · 210 participants
  Very low

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH changes symptomatic DVT ( compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.03, 2.55]
  1 study · 210 participants
  Very low

Peripartum/postnatal prophylaxis: UFH vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Direct estimation using calibrated drapes vs indirect estimation using gravimetric technique

Direct measurement using calibrated drapes leads to higher blood loss ≥ 500 mL compared with indirect estimation using gravimetric technique (high certainty).

• Methods for blood loss estimation after vaginal birth 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.86 [1.11, 3.11]
  1 study · 900 participants
  High

Direct estimation using calibrated drapes vs indirect estimation using gravimetric technique

Direct measurement using calibrated drapes showed no clear difference in blood transfusion compared with indirect estimation using gravimetric technique (low certainty).

• Methods for blood loss estimation after vaginal birth 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.06, 15.94]
  1 study · 900 participants
  Low

Direct estimation using calibrated drapes vs indirect estimation using gravimetric technique

Direct measurement using calibrated drapes showed no clear difference in use of plasma expanders compared with indirect estimation using gravimetric technique (low certainty).

• Methods for blood loss estimation after vaginal birth 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.67 [0.19, 2.35]
  1 study · 900 participants
  Low