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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,327 questions · 2,494 findings · 87 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 450 · 18%GRADE not reported 1,487 · 59.6%Very low 385 · 15.4%Low 121 · 4.9%Moderate 50 · 2%High 1 · 0%

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) vs placebo

Average duration of RAS episode (days) · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) led to lower average duration of RAS episode (days) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) vs placebo

Pain score · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) led to lower pain score compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) vs placebo

'No ulcer' status during last 2 months of treatment · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) led to higher 'No ulcer' status during last 2 months of treatment compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs placebo

Pain, number of ulcers, ulcer-free days and ulcer size · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
    60 days (plus 60-day follow-up)
    A single trial at high risk of bias compared pentoxifylline 400 mg three times daily (n=14) with placebo (n=12). No statistically significant differences were reported for pain, number of ulcers and ulcer-free days at…
    1 study · 26 participants
    GRADE not reported

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) vs placebo

Frequency of outbreaks per month · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) led to lower frequency of outbreaks per month compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs placebo

Adverse effects · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
    60 days (plus 60-day follow-up)
    Patients receiving pentoxifylline reported more adverse events than those in the placebo group but this was not statistically significant (69% reported adverse effects: dizziness, headaches, stomach upset, increased…
    1 study · 26 participants
    GRADE not reported

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation

Change in probing attachment level (PAL) · People with at least one dental implant affected by perimplantitis

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation showed no clear difference in change in probing attachment level (PAL gain) compared with plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation

Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by perimplantitis

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation led to lower complications and side effects compared with plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation

Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · People with at least one dental implant affected by perimplantitis

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation showed no clear difference in change in probing pocket depth (PPD reduction) compared with plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation

Change in soft tissue recession (REC) · People with at least one dental implant affected by perimplantitis

Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation showed no clear difference in change in soft tissue recession (REC) compared with plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (hypericum perforatum / St John's Wort) vs placebo

QoL · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months) · hypericum perforatum
    Sardella 2008 (43 participants) evaluated QoL from patient self-reports and narratively indicated that both intervention and placebo participants were better able to cope at trial completion.
    1 study · 43 participants
    GRADE not reported

Beta-glucan (1.3/1.6 beta-glucan 10 mg twice daily for 20 days) vs placebo

Ulcer severity score (USS) · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Beta-glucan (1.3/1.6 beta-glucan 10 mg twice daily for 20 days) led to lower ulcer severity score (USS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) vs placebo

Mean VAS pain per day · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) showed no clear difference in mean VAS pain per day compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) vs placebo

Total number of new ulcers over 90 days · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) led to lower total number of new ulcers over 90 days compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) vs placebo

Number of ulcers at end of 90-day treatment · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) showed no clear difference in number of ulcers at end of 90-day treatment compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review