Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

219 questions · 233 findings · 21 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 83 · 35.6%GRADE not reported 24 · 10.3%Very low 57 · 24.5%Low 50 · 21.5%Moderate 19 · 8.2%High 0 · 0%

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam showed no clear difference in primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam probably leads to higher primary: participants with self‐rated good/excellent control of… compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ at least 1 adverse event compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Primary: adverse events ‐ any adverse event treatment‐related (application site pruritus) · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ any adverse event treatment‐related… compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Secondary: reduction in severity, participant‐rated scoring · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam probably leads to higher secondary: reduction in severity, participant‐rated scoring compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Secondary: reduction in severity, investigator‐rated scoring ‐ improvement at least 2 grades · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam showed no clear difference in secondary: reduction in severity, investigator‐rated scoring ‐… compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound‐guided foam sclerotherapy vs conventional surgery

Disease‐specific quality of life · people requiring intervention for short saphenous vein varices
2 findings from 1 review

Ultrasound‐guided foam sclerotherapy vs conventional surgery

Recanalisation or persistence of reflux at 6 weeks · people requiring intervention for short saphenous vein varices

Ultrasound‐guided foam sclerotherapy showed no clear difference in recanalisation or persistence of reflux at 6 weeks compared with conventional surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound‐guided foam sclerotherapy vs conventional surgery

Recurrence of reflux at 1 year · people requiring intervention for short saphenous vein varices

Ultrasound‐guided foam sclerotherapy showed no clear difference in recurrence of reflux at 1 year compared with conventional surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reactive gel surfaces on operating tables followed by foam surfaces on ward beds vs alternating pressure (active) air surfaces on operating tables and subsequently on ward beds

Proportion of participants developing a new pressure ulcer · preventing pressure ulcers

Reactive gel surfaces on operating tables followed by foam surfaces… may leads to higher proportion of participants developing a new pressure ulcer compared with alternating pressure (active) air surfaces on operating tables and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review