Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

120 questions · 133 findings · 10 reviews

No studies found 18 · 13.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 69 · 51.9%Low 30 · 22.6%Moderate 14 · 10.5%High 2 · 1.5%

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable disaccharides vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Mortality ‐ total number · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable… probably leads to lower mortality ‐ total number compared with non‐absorbable disaccharides alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable disaccharides vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable… changes serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharides alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable disaccharides vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Hepatic encephalopathy · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable… may leads to lower hepatic encephalopathy ‐ total number compared with non‐absorbable disaccharides alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable disaccharides vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable… changes non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharides alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic or nonabsorbable) vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Total (all‐cause) mortality · preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic… showed no clear difference in total (all‐cause) mortality compared with placebo/no antifungal/any other antifungal (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic or nonabsorbable) vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Proven invasive fungal infection · preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic… may leads to lower proven invasive fungal infection compared with placebo/no antifungal/any other antifungal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic or nonabsorbable) vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Superficial fungal infection · preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic… showed no clear difference in superficial fungal infection compared with placebo/no antifungal/any other antifungal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic or nonabsorbable) vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Fungal colonization · preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic… may leads to lower fungal colonization compared with placebo/no antifungal/any other antifungal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic or nonabsorbable) vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Treatment cessation due to adverse events · preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic… showed no clear difference in adverse events requiring cessation of study drug(s) compared with placebo/no antifungal/any other antifungal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Hepatic encephalopathy · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin showed no clear difference in hepatic encephalopathy ‐ total number compared with non‐absorbable disaccharide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin changes non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review