Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,191 questions · 2,354 findings · 362 reviews

No studies found 323 · 13.7%GRADE not reported 382 · 16.2%Very low 555 · 23.6%Low 597 · 25.4%Moderate 345 · 14.7%High 152 · 6.5%

Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed)

Deep surgical site infection · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs

It is very uncertain whether timing of wound closure (immediate changes deep surgical site infection compared with delayed) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed)

Delayed or non‐union (medium term) · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs

It is very uncertain whether timing of wound closure (immediate changes delayed union or non‐union compared with delayed) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed)

Adverse events ‐ superficial infection · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs

It is very uncertain whether timing of wound closure (immediate changes adverse events ‐ superficial infection compared with delayed) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs sham

Retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy may leads to lower retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery compared with sham treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate

Major adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy probably leads to lower major adverse events compared with transurethral resection of the prostate (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate

Retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy probably leads to higher retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery compared with transurethral resection of the prostate (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate

Erectile function · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy showed no clear difference in erectile function (sexually‐active men only) compared with transurethral resection of the prostate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate

Ejaculatory function · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy may leads to lower ejaculatory function (sexually‐active men only) compared with transurethral resection of the prostate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review