Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,230 questions · 1,303 findings · 326 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 73 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 21 · 1.6%Very low 497 · 38.1%Low 403 · 30.9%Moderate 245 · 18.8%High 64 · 4.9%

Preoperative education vs usual care

Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · patients with knee replacement surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 109 participants
Low

Massage + phonophoresis vs phonophoresis alone

Function Visual analog function index Scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better) · patients with extensor carpi radialis tendinitis

1 finding from 1 review

Deep transverse friction massage for treating lateral elbow or lateral knee tendinitis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Massage + ultrasound and placebo ointment vs ultrasound + placebo ointment only

Function Visual analog function index Scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better) · patients with extensor carpi radialis tendinitis

1 finding from 1 review

Deep transverse friction massage for treating lateral elbow or lateral knee tendinitis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Primary comparison for continuous passive motion (CPM) vs no CPM

Function Various validated function scales. · hospitalised patients who have undergone knee replacement surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous passive motion following total knee arthroplasty in people with arthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 405 participants
Moderate

Primary comparison for continuous passive motion (CPM) vs no CPM

Quality of life SF‐12. Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher score better). · hospitalised patients who have undergone knee replacement surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous passive motion following total knee arthroplasty in people with arthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 156 participants
Moderate

CANNABIS REDUCTION: ANTIPSYCHOTIC 'A' vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC 'B' for

**Mental state: Obsessive–Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS) (short‐term, higher=bad) ‐ short term Scale from: 0 to 44. · patients with schizophrenia

1 finding from 1 review

Cannabis and schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Moderate

CANNABIS REDUCTION: PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPY (SPECIFICALLY ABOUT CANNABIS AND PSYCHOSIS) vs NON‐SPECIFIC PSYCOEDUCTION

Mental state · patients with SCHIZOPHRENIA AND CANNABIS USE

1 finding from 1 review

Cannabis and schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 47 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture vs sham

Quality of life (QOLIE‐89) (1‐ to 3‐month periods) · adults with intractable epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture vs valproate

Post‐treatment quality of life (QOLIE‐31 score, which has a range of 0‐200, with higher score indicates better quality of life) ( · participants with epilepsy (one included study only recruited children with absence epilepsy while another included study recruited both…

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Low

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus antiepileptic drugs vs antiepileptic drugs alone

Post‐treatment quality of life (QOLIE‐31 score, which has a range of 0‐200, with higher score indicates better quality of life) ( · people with epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 120 participants
Low

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints vs valproate

Post‐treatment quality of life (QOLIE‐31 score, which has a range of 0‐200, with higher score indicates better quality of life) ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Post‐treatment quality of life (QOLIE‐31 score, which has a range of 0‐200, with higher score indicates better quality of life) ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 90 participants
Low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Final post‐surgical neurological status NASS (North American Spine Society) scores. Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores indicate better neurological function). · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Quality of life (emotional) · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Pain North Americal Spine Society pain scores. Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores indicate less pain). · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Amantadine vs placebo

Reduction in fatigue · people with fatigue in Guillain‐Barré syndrome

Amantadine showed no clear difference in reduction in fatigue of at least 1‐point on the Fatigue Severity… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for fatigue in peripheral neuropathy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.56 [0.22, 1.35]
74 participants
Low

Varenicline vs placebo

Short‐term (1 week) change in isolated movement, objective and subjective measures of speech production SARA. Scale from: 0 to 6. Higher scores indicate more severe speech disorder. · people with speech disorder resulting from hereditary ataxias

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for speech disorder in Friedreich ataxia and other hereditary ataxia syndromes 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 13 participants
Very low

Riluzole vs placebo

Short‐term (within 1 month) change in isolated movement, objective and subjective measures of speech production Cooper 2008 reported 3 speech measures: ICARS speech subscale. Scale from: 0 to 8. Higher scores indicate greater clinical severity Syl... · people with speech disorder resulting from hereditary ataxias

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for speech disorder in Friedreich ataxia and other hereditary ataxia syndromes 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 38 participants
Low

Physiotherapy and occupational therapy vs placebo

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for speech disorder in Friedreich ataxia and other hereditary ataxia syndromes 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Very low