Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,245 questions · 1,274 findings · 321 reviews

No studies found 247 · 19.4%GRADE not reported 195 · 15.3%Very low 372 · 29.2%Low 282 · 22.1%Moderate 141 · 11.1%High 37 · 2.9%

ARP with allograft (bone graft) vs ARP with xenograft

Aesthetic outcomes of future prosthodontic rehabilitation · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

ARP with demineralised bone matrix, single particle size vs ARP with demineralised bone matrix, multiple particle size

Need for additional augmentation prior to implant placement · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

ARP with allograft plus synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 vs ARP with allograft without P-15

Aesthetic outcomes of future prosthodontic rehabilitation · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome vs LASIK with a femtosecond laser

Eyes within ± 0.5 D of target refraction · adults (18 years) with more than 0.5 diopters of myopia or myopic astigmatism

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical… showed no clear difference in proportion of eyes within ± 0.5 diopters of target refraction, 12… compared with LASIK with a femtosecond laser (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome vs LASIK with a femtosecond laser

Mean refractive error expressed as mean spherical equivalent post‐treatment. ‐ 12 months · adults (18 years) with more than 0.5 diopters of myopia or myopic astigmatism
1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome vs LASIK with a femtosecond laser

Adverse effects: corneal haze · adults (18 years) with more than 0.5 diopters of myopia or myopic astigmatism

It is very uncertain whether laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical… changes corneal haze, any time point compared with LASIK with a femtosecond laser (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome vs LASIK with a femtosecond laser

Dry eye, any time point · adults (18 years) with more than 0.5 diopters of myopia or myopic astigmatism

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical… may leads to higher dry eye, any time point compared with LASIK with a femtosecond laser (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome vs LASIK with a femtosecond laser

Diffuse lamellar keratitis, any time point · adults (18 years) with more than 0.5 diopters of myopia or myopic astigmatism

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical… may leads to lower diffuse lamellar keratitis, any time point compared with LASIK with a femtosecond laser (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome vs LASIK with a femtosecond laser

Epithelial ingrowth, any time point · adults (18 years) with more than 0.5 diopters of myopia or myopic astigmatism

It is very uncertain whether laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical… changes epithelial ingrowth, any time point compared with LASIK with a femtosecond laser (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash may leads to lower dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with placebo mouthwash (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 2 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 tablets vs placebo (3 tablets/4 times a day

OLT and VSC scores · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Suzuki 2014 (cross-over RCT) compared Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 tablets versus placebo tablets (OLT and VSC by gas chromatography). The trial did not give usable data and we could not extract data from the graph.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs 0.4% eucalyptus chewing gum

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether 0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with 0.4% eucalyptus chewing gum (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 2 weeks
    Patient-reported OLT score assessed with patient's perception: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Green tea mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Green tea mouthwash showed no clear difference in volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Triclosan/copolymer-containing fluoride toothpaste vs Sodium fluoride (control) toothpaste

Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 1 week
    Patient-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Hinokitiol gel vs Placebo gel

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 4 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Toothbrushing + Turkish gall oral rinse vs Toothbrushing alone

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Toothbrushing + Turkish gall oral rinse showed no clear difference in volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter compared with toothbrushing; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum showed no clear difference in volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) compared with placebo chewing gum; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review