Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,815 questions · 6,211 findings · 638 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 1,052 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 441 · 7.1%Very low 1,700 · 27.4%Low 1,651 · 26.6%Moderate 1,070 · 17.2%High 297 · 4.8%

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Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler vs fetal growth

Number of antenatal hospital admissions · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in antenatal admission to hospital compared with fetal growth (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone vs usual care

Respiratory distress syndrome · women undergoing planned elective caesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation and beyond for singleton pregnancy

Effect of antenatal corticosteroids (betamethasone) showed no clear difference in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared with usual care prior to planned caesarean at term on maternal and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone vs usual care

Transient tachypnoea of the neonate (TTN) · women undergoing planned elective caesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation and beyond for singleton pregnancy

Effect of antenatal corticosteroids (betamethasone) showed no clear difference in transient tachypnoea of the neonate (TTN) compared with usual care prior to planned caesarean at term on maternal and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone vs usual care

Admission to neonatal special care (all levels) for respiratory morbidity · women undergoing planned elective caesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation and beyond for singleton pregnancy

Effect of antenatal corticosteroids (betamethasone) probably leads to lower admission to neonatal special care (all levels) for respiratory… compared with usual care prior to planned caesarean at term on maternal and… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone vs usual care

Need for mechanical ventilation · women undergoing planned elective caesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation and beyond for singleton pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether effect of antenatal corticosteroids (betamethasone) changes need for mechanical ventilation compared with usual care prior to planned caesarean at term on maternal and… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide vs phenobarbital

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first loading dose of ASM · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide showed no clear difference in proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first… compared with phenobarbital alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review