Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

954 questions · 963 findings · 130 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 181 · 18.8%GRADE not reported 71 · 7.4%Very low 163 · 16.9%Low 311 · 32.3%Moderate 163 · 16.9%High 74 · 7.7%

Computerised antenatal CTG vs traditional antenatal CTG (women at increased risk of complications)

Perinatal mortality · Pregnant women with/without complications

Computerised antenatal CTG probably leads to lower perinatal mortality compared with traditional antenatal CTG (women at increased risk of complications) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementation with folate vs no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (neonatal outcomes)

Neural tube defects (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention

Supplementation with folate leads to lower neural tube defects (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementation with folate vs no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (neonatal outcomes)

Miscarriage · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention

Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in miscarriage (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementation with folate vs no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (neonatal outcomes)

Cleft lip (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention

Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in cleft lip (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementation with folate vs no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (neonatal outcomes)

Cleft palate (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention

Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in cleft palate (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementation with folate vs no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (neonatal outcomes)

Congenital cardiovascular anomalies (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention

Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in congenital cardiovascular anomalies (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementation with folate vs no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (neonatal outcomes)

Other congenital anomalies (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention

Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in other congenital anomalies (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review