Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,815 questions · 6,211 findings · 638 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,052 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 441 · 7.1%Very low 1,700 · 27.4%Low 1,651 · 26.6%Moderate 1,070 · 17.2%High 297 · 4.8%

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Surgical debridement via an endoscopic method vs conventional 'open' surgical debridement

Time to a clean wound bed ( · adults with surgical wounds

1 finding from 1 review

Debridement for surgical wounds 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 106 participants
Very low

Surgical debridement via an endoscopic method vs conventional 'open' surgical debridement

Proportion of wounds completely debrided · adults with surgical wounds

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Debridement for surgical wounds 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Surgical debridement via an endoscopic method vs conventional 'open' surgical debridement

Rate of reduction in wound size · adults with surgical wounds

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Debridement for surgical wounds 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Surgical debridement via an endoscopic method vs conventional 'open' surgical debridement

Proportion of wounds healed · adults with surgical wounds

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Debridement for surgical wounds 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Surgical debridement via an endoscopic method vs conventional 'open' surgical debridement

Time to complete healing · adults with surgical wounds

1 finding from 1 review

Debridement for surgical wounds 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 106 participants
Low

Surgical debridement via an endoscopic method vs conventional 'open' surgical debridement

Serious adverse events: life‐threatening/ hospitalisation · adults with surgical wounds

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Debridement for surgical wounds 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Methotrexate plus ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) vs UDCA

Mortality at maximal · people with primary biliary cholangitis

It is very uncertain whether methotrexate plus ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) changes mortality at maximal compared with UDCA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.17 [0.55, 2.51]
2 studies · 290 participants
Very low

Methotrexate plus ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) vs UDCA

Serious adverse events (proportion) · people with primary biliary cholangitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Methotrexate plus ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) vs UDCA

Serious adverse events (number of events) · people with primary biliary cholangitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Methotrexate plus ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) vs UDCA

Health‐related quality of life · people with primary biliary cholangitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

It is very uncertain whether voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 12 months after 6… compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.58, 1.78]
1 study · 64 participants
Very low

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Frequency of incontinence episodes · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Objective measurement of volume of incontinent episodes · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Quality of life measurements · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Adverse effects · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 64 participants
GRADE not reported

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler vs fetal growth

Any perinatal death after randomisation · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (after randomisation) compared with fetal growth (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens of ultrasound surveillance for twin pregnancies for improving outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.32, 2.41]
1 study · 1052 participants
Low

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler vs fetal growth

Neonatal mortality · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in neonatal death compared with fetal growth (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens of ultrasound surveillance for twin pregnancies for improving outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.29, 3.46]
1 study · 1052 participants
Low

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler vs fetal growth

Preterm birth less than 28 weeks · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens of ultrasound surveillance for twin pregnancies for improving outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler vs fetal growth

Gestational age at birth (weeks) · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in gestational age at birth (weeks) compared with fetal growth (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens of ultrasound surveillance for twin pregnancies for improving outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.1
1 study · 526 participants
Moderate

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler vs fetal growth

Caesarean section · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks

Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in caesarean section (any) compared with fetal growth (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens of ultrasound surveillance for twin pregnancies for improving outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.81, 1.23]
1 study · 526 participants
High