What do systematic reviews say?

Laparoscopic colposuspension vs open colposuspension

Laparoscopic colposuspension showed no clear difference in adverse effects: de novo detrusor overactivity (urodynamic diagnosis) compared with open colposuspension (moderate certainty).

• Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.29 [0.72, 2.3]
  5 studies · 472 participants
  Moderate

Laparoscopic colposuspension vs open colposuspension

Laparoscopic colposuspension showed no clear difference in adverse effects: voiding dysfunction compared with open colposuspension (moderate certainty).

• Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.81 [0.5, 1.31]
  5 studies · 507 participants
  Moderate

Lithium vs Zuclopenthixol (Cis Z/Trans E isomer)

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes efficacy: response (categorical) BMRS change ≥ 50% from baseline to… compared with zuclopenthixol (very low certainty).

• Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.33 [0.3, 5.91]
  1 study · 28 participants
  Very low

Lithium vs Zuclopenthixol (Cis Z/Trans E isomer)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lithium vs Zuclopenthixol (Cis Z/Trans E isomer)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lithium vs Zuclopenthixol (Cis Z/Trans E isomer)

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability: total withdrawals compared with zuclopenthixol (very low certainty).

• Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.78 [0.17, 3.49]
  1 study · 28 participants
  Very low

Lithium vs Zuclopenthixol (Cis Z/Trans E isomer)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lithium for acute mania 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Percutaneous insertion vs open surgery

Percutaneous insertion showed no clear difference in exit‐site/tunnel infection compared with open surgery (moderate certainty).

• Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.16 [0.02, 1.3]
  2 studies · 96 participants
  Moderate

Percutaneous insertion vs open surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous insertion changes catheter removal or replacement compared with open surgery (very low certainty).

• Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.24 [0.03, 2.04]
  1 study · 61 participants
  Very low

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 392 participants
  GRADE not reported

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

It is very uncertain whether direct vision entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with open‐entry technique (very low certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.13 [0, 6.5]
  2 studies · 392 participants
  Very low

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

It is very uncertain whether direct vision entry changes solid organ injury compared with open‐entry technique (very low certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 6.16 [0.12, 316.67]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

It is very uncertain whether direct vision entry changes failed entry compared with open‐entry technique (very low certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.4 [0.04, 4.09]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

Ultrasound guidance showed no clear difference in failed blocks compared with no ultrasound guidance (moderate certainty).

• The use of ultrasound guidance for perioperative neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  22 studies · 1789 participants
  Moderate

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

• The use of ultrasound guidance for perioperative neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 982 participants
  Moderate

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

• The use of ultrasound guidance for perioperative neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  10 studies · 460 participants
  High

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

• The use of ultrasound guidance for perioperative neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 680 participants
  Moderate

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

• The use of ultrasound guidance for perioperative neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 256 participants
  Very low