Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,127 questions · 1,590 findings · 132 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 189 · 11.9%GRADE not reported 1,166 · 73.3%Very low 130 · 8.2%Low 69 · 4.3%Moderate 25 · 1.6%High 11 · 0.7%

Cessation of water fluoridation (fluoride removed from the water supply) vs Continued fluoridated water

Adverse effects · People of all ages in a previously fluoridated community (Maupome 2001: children with generally low caries experience)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Implant-supported crowns after extraction or decoronation of the ankylosed teeth vs Conventional orthodontic treatment or follow-up with no specific treatment for ankylosis

Outcome not reported · Any patient with ankylosis and displacement of permanent front teeth diagnosed by clinical and radiographic assessment, with or without…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) vs Low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less)

Caries in deciduous teeth (change in dmft) · People of all ages in a community setting; the included caries studies were all in children aged 3 to 16 years

Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) may leads to lower caries in deciduous teeth (change in dmft) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine chewing gum vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care)

Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) vs Low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less)

Caries increment in permanent teeth · Children aged about 12 to 16 years (Hardwick 1982), community setting

Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) led to lower caries in permanent teeth (change in DMFS) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Dental caries: dmfs increment (primary teeth) · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
1 finding from 1 review

Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) vs Low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less)

Change in proportion of caries-free children (deciduous teeth) · People of all ages in a community setting; the included caries studies were all in children aged 3 to 16 years

Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) may leads to higher change in proportion of caries-free children (deciduous teeth) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Maxillary sinus lift (augmentation) with long implants vs Short implants (5 to 8.5 mm) without sinus augmentation

Patient satisfaction · Patients with missing teeth and an atrophic posterior maxilla, with residual bone height between 4 and 9 mm below the maxillary sinus
1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

Prostate cancer · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Prostate cancer: OR 1.04 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.09), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.

1 finding from 1 review

IMZ TPS titanium cylinders vs ITI TPS solid titanium screws

Implant failure · Adults with missing teeth who received osseointegrated root-formed oral implants, functionally loaded and followed for at least 1 year

IMZ TPS titanium cylinders showed no clear difference in implant failure compared with ITI TPS solid titanium screws; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Branemark Mark II turned titanium screws vs ITI TPS solid titanium screws

Implant failure · Adults with missing teeth who received osseointegrated root-formed oral implants, functionally loaded and followed for at least 1 year

Branemark Mark II turned titanium screws showed no clear difference in implant failure compared with ITI TPS solid titanium screws; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training vs no treatment

Mandibular ramus growth · Children and adolescents (over 80% aged 16 years or younger at treatment start) with anterior open bite (lack of vertical overlap or…
1 finding from 1 review

Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training vs no treatment

Stability of anterior open bite correction (1 year after treatment) · Children and adolescents (over 80% aged 16 years or younger at treatment start) with anterior open bite (lack of vertical overlap or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

Alzheimer’s disease · Participants in observational studies

The meta-analysis of observational studies reported a SMD (to OR) of 0.08 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.63) for higher versus lower circulating vitamin D concentration.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

Aggressive prostate cancer · Participants in observational studies

The meta-analysis of observational studies reported a OR of 0.88 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.15) for higher versus lower circulating vitamin D concentration.

1 finding from 1 review

Maxillary sinus lift (augmentation) with long implants vs Short implants (5 to 8.5 mm) without sinus augmentation

Treatment costs · Patients with missing teeth and an atrophic posterior maxilla, with residual bone height between 4 and 9 mm below the maxillary sinus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

Type 2 diabetes mellitus · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Type 2 diabetes: OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.69), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.

1 finding from 1 review

Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training vs no treatment

Reduction or treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) or upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) · Children and adolescents (over 80% aged 16 years or younger at treatment start) with anterior open bite (lack of vertical overlap or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review