What do systematic reviews say?

Time‐directed extubation protocol vs usual care

• Fast‐track cardiac care for adult cardiac surgical patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 1334 participants
  Low

Time‐directed extubation protocol vs usual care

Time‐directed extubation protocol showed no clear difference in mortality ‐ Death at any time after surgery compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Fast‐track cardiac care for adult cardiac surgical patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.8 [0.45, 1.45]
  10 studies · 1802 participants
  Low

Time‐directed extubation protocol vs usual care

Time‐directed extubation protocol showed no clear difference in postoperative myocardial infarction compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Fast‐track cardiac care for adult cardiac surgical patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.27, 1.31]
  8 studies · 1378 participants
  Low

Reablement vs usual home‐care

• Time‐limited home‐care reablement services for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 249 participants
  Very low

Reablement vs usual home‐care

• Time‐limited home‐care reablement services for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 811 participants
  Very low

Reablement vs usual home‐care

• Time‐limited home‐care reablement services for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 750 participants
  Very low

Reablement vs usual home‐care

• Time‐limited home‐care reablement services for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 249 participants
  Very low

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) vs usual care

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) probably leads to lower antibiotics used by patients compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) to reduce the use of antibiotics for acute upper… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.35, 0.8]
  1 study · 2201 participants
  Moderate

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) vs usual care

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) may leads to lower antibiotics prescribed by clinicians compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) to reduce the use of antibiotics for acute upper… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.47 [0.28, 0.78]
  2 studies · 188131 participants
  Low

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) vs usual care

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) showed no clear difference in reconsultation rates compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) to reduce the use of antibiotics for acute upper… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.47, 1.32]
  1 study · 3471 participants
  Moderate

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) vs usual care

Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) showed no clear difference in patient satisfaction with consultation compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Written information for patients (or parents of child patients) to reduce the use of antibiotics for acute upper… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.87, 1.03]
  1 study · 2201 participants
  Moderate

Shared decision‐making (all components) vs usual care

Shared decision making probably leads to lower antibiotics prescribed or dispensed (6 weeks or less) compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions to facilitate shared decision making to address antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.55, 0.68]
  8 studies · 10172 participants
  Moderate

Shared decision‐making (all components) vs usual care

Shared decision making showed no clear difference in antibiotics prescribed or dispensed (12 months or greater) compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Interventions to facilitate shared decision making to address antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.74 [0.49, 1.11]
  3 studies · 481588 participants
  Low

Shared decision‐making (all components) vs usual care

Shared decision making showed no clear difference in patient initiated re‐consultations for the same illness episode compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions to facilitate shared decision making to address antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.87 [0.74, 1.03]
  4 studies · 1861 participants
  Moderate

Shared decision‐making (all components) vs usual care

Shared decision making showed no clear difference in patient satisfaction with the consultation compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Interventions to facilitate shared decision making to address antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.86 [0.57, 1.3]
  2 studies · 1052 participants
  Low

Interventions designed to improve any type of continuity vs usual care

• Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow‐up of patients with cancer 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 3966 participants
  Very low

Interventions designed to improve any type of continuity vs usual care

• Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow‐up of patients with cancer 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  25 studies · 5070 participants
  Very low

Interventions designed to improve any type of continuity vs usual care

• Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow‐up of patients with cancer 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  20 studies · 4634 participants
  Very low

Interventions designed to improve any type of continuity vs usual care

• Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow‐up of patients with cancer 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 1278 participants
  Very low

Interventions designed to improve any type of continuity vs usual care

• Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow‐up of patients with cancer 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 378 participants
  Very low