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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,733 questions · 1,794 findings · 326 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 243 · 13.5%GRADE not reported 96 · 5.4%Very low 597 · 33.3%Low 506 · 28.2%Moderate 303 · 16.9%High 49 · 2.7%

Intervention not reported

Point‐prevalence abstinence rates at short‐term · adults with cannabis use disorder or frequent cannabis use

The intervention may leads to higher point‐prevalence abstinence rates at short‐term (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cannabis use quantity per day at short‐term · adults with cannabis use disorder or frequent cannabis use

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes cannabis use quantity per day at short‐term (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Symptoms of dependence at short‐term · adults with cannabis use disorder or frequent cannabis use

The intervention may leads to higher symptoms of dependence at short‐term (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cannabis‐related problems at short‐term · adults with cannabis use disorder or frequent cannabis use

The intervention may leads to higher cannabis‐related problems at short‐term (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Mental state: No 20% response (as defined by PANSS/BPRS total change) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE changes mental state: no clinically significant response in psychotic… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE may leads to lower leaving the study early ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) ‐ any reason compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Global state: 2. no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI, short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE changes global state: 2. no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI, short… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Adverse effects: 1a. extrapyramidal ‐ various effects ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) ‐ general ‐ any significant EPS · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE may leads to higher adverse effects: 1a. extrapyramidal ‐ various effects ‐ short term… compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE

Mental state: No 20% response (as defined by PANSS/BPRS total change) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE + CLOZAPINE showed no clear difference in mental state: no clinically significant response in psychotic… compared with PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE

Global state: 2. no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI, short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE + CLOZAPINE showed no clear difference in global state: no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI short term compared with PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any antiglucocorticoid vs placebo

Global state: 1. General ‐ no clinically significant improvement ‐ short term < 30% improvement on BPRS · people with psychosis

Any antiglucocorticoid may leads to lower global state: 1. General ‐ no clinically significant improvement ‐… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any antiglucocorticoid vs placebo

Global state: 2. Specific: positive ‐ no clinically significant improvement ‐ short term (< 50% improvement on BPRS PSS) · people with psychosis

Any antiglucocorticoid may leads to lower global state: 2. Specific: positive ‐ no clinically significant… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review