Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,288 questions · 3,354 findings · 516 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 720 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 164 · 4.9%Very low 950 · 28.3%Low 932 · 27.8%Moderate 434 · 12.9%High 154 · 4.6%

Parenteral nutrition plus branched‐chain‐amino‐acid‐enriched formula vs standard isotonic intravenous glucose solution

Mortality [within first 10 weeks after liver transplantation] · adult patients after liver transplantation.

Parenteral nutrition plus branched‐chain‐amino‐acid‐enriched formula showed no clear difference in mortality [within first 10 weeks after liver transplantation] compared with standard isotonic intravenous glucose solution (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard… changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence compared with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Objective measurement of volume of incontinent episodes · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Resource implications (e.g. cost of incontinence management methods) · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Non‐initiation of breastfeeding · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

It is very uncertain whether physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual… changes exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks compared with usual care (no pump) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Breastfeeding · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

It is very uncertain whether physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual… changes any breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks compared with usual care (no pump) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Brief admission to psychiatric hospital by self‐referral plus treatment as usual vs treatment

Violence perpetration · adults meeting 3 or more diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder

Brief admission to psychiatric hospital by self‐referral plus… showed no clear difference in violence perpetration: number of participants who perpetrated… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review