What do systematic reviews say?

Mindfulness‐enhanced parent training vs parent training

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Mindfulness‐enhanced parenting programmes for improving the psychosocial outcomes of children (0 to 18 years) and… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Mixed training vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 163 participants
  Low

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in emotional and behavioural problems (parent report) Scales used:… compared with control (low certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 280 participants
  Low

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in externalising problems (parent report) Scales used: CBCL, ECBI… compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 989 participants
  Moderate

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

It is very uncertain whether group‐based parent training programmes changes externalising problems ‐ hyperactivity‐inattention (parent report)… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 19 participants
  Very low

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in internalising problems (parent report) Scale used: CAPES… compared with control (low certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.34
  1 study · 73 participants
  Low

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

It is very uncertain whether group‐based parent training programmes changes social skills (parent report) Scale used: VABS postintervention compared with control (very low certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 3.59 [2.42, 4.76]
  1 study · 32 participants
  Very low

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in parent‐child interaction ‐ negative behaviour (observer report)… compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 941 participants
  Moderate

Group‐based parent training programmes vs control

Group‐based parent training programmes probably leads to higher parent‐child interaction ‐ positive behaviour (observer report)… compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Group‐based parent training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in young children 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.48 [0.17, 0.79]
  4 studies · 173 participants
  Moderate

Resistance training vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 164 participants
  Low
• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 85 participants
  Low

Resistance training vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 185 participants
  Low
• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 84 participants
  Low

Resistance training vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 127 participants
  Low

Resistance training vs aerobic exercise training

• Exercise interventions for cerebral palsy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 56 participants
  Low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

• Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 641 participants
  Low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

• Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 487 participants
  Very low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

• Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 239 participants
  Very low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

• Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 49 participants
  GRADE not reported

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

It is very uncertain whether training to respond to intimate partner violence changes provider response to IPV: safety planning, counselling and… compared with no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers'… (very low certainty).

• Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.07 [0.96, 9.77]
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Training to respond to intimate partner violence vs no intervention, wait‐list or placebo on healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge of and readiness to manage IPV, referrals

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Training healthcare providers to respond to intimate partner violence against women 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Mindfulness‐enhanced parent training vs no‐treatment, waitlist, or attentional control

• Mindfulness‐enhanced parenting programmes for improving the psychosocial outcomes of children (0 to 18 years) and… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 270 participants
  Very low