Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

181 questions · 190 findings · 14 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 92 · 48.4%GRADE not reported 1 · 0.5%Very low 64 · 33.7%Low 25 · 13.2%Moderate 7 · 3.7%High 1 · 0.5%

Antibiotics vs topical treatments

Incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum ‐ Antibiotics… compared with topical treatments (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation ‐ measured at 1… compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Suspected ototoxicity · people (of any age) with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes suspected ototoxicity ‐ measured at 10 days to 3 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review