Caries lesion initiation/progression (ICDAS score, laser fluorescence/DIAGNOdent, photographic pixels, enamel acid resistance) · Patients (children and adults, age 3-40 years) with initial enamel caries lesions (non-orthodontic and orthodontic)
No meta-analysis was possible for the 5 in vivo RCTs (high heterogeneity); narratively nHA showed generally no significant difference versus fluoridated dentifrice, and the evidence was not graded (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite on caries prevention-a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022 All outcomesMedian follow-up 6 months (range 6-12 months) · In vivo (clinical); non-orthodontic and orthodontic patients
No meta-analysis was performed for the in vivo studies owing to high heterogeneity (population, control group, outcomes, follow-up periods, risk of bias) and differing statistical designs (e.g., non-inferiority);…
5 studies · 420 participants
GRADE not reported
Crown retention · Children with primary (deciduous) teeth requiring full-coverage crown restoration
Zirconia crowns showed no significant difference in crown retention versus other restorations at 6 months (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.11; 3 studies; not GRADE-rated).
2 findings from 1 review
Spontaneous space closure · Children aged 5 to 15 years with a compromised first permanent molar
Early extraction of a compromised first permanent molar is followed by variable spontaneous closure of the post-extraction space (about 45.5% to 85.2% of cases); certainty was not GRADE-rated (Shekelle category III).
1 finding from 1 review
Restoration failure · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic or symptom free
Aesthetic (resin-veneered) crowns showed no clear difference in restoration failure at 6 months compared with conventional metal (stainless steel) crowns; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Occlusion · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic or symptom free
Aesthetic (resin-veneered) crowns led to lower occlusion at 6 months compared with conventional metal (stainless steel) crowns; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Proximal contact at 6 months · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic or symptom free
Aesthetic (resin-veneered) crowns led to lower proximal contact at 6 months compared with conventional metal (stainless steel) crowns; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Marginal integrity of restoration · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic or symptom free
Aesthetic (resin-veneered) crowns led to lower marginal integrity at 6 months compared with conventional metal (stainless steel) crowns; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Gingival health at 6 months · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic or symptom free
Aesthetic (resin-veneered) crowns showed no clear difference in gingival health at 6 months compared with conventional metal (stainless steel) crowns; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment (DFS) · adults
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects (loose stools, diarrhoea) · Infants (primary teeth; baseline about 9 to 15 months)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects were not reported in a usable format, but the reported rates of loose stools and diarrhoea were very similar between groups. There were no serious adverse effects during the study. Milgrom 2009.
1 study · 94 participants
GRADE not reported
Caries in primary teeth (mean number of decayed primary teeth) · Infants (primary teeth; baseline about 9 to 15 months)
1 finding from 1 review
Number of infants with a caries increment (dmfs) · Infants (primary teeth)
Xylitol wipes (4.2 g/day) showed no clear difference in number of infants with a caries increment (dmfs) compared with control wipes (no xylitol) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects (sores in the mouth, cramps, bloating, constipation, flatulence, loose stool or diarrhoea) · adults
1 finding from 1 review
Patterns of adverse effects (sores in the mouth, cramps, bloating, constipation, flatulence, and loose stool or diarrhoea) were similar for both groups. Bader 2013.
1 study · 669 participants
GRADE not reported
Number of infants with a caries increment (dmfs) · Infants (primary teeth)
It is very uncertain whether xylitol tablets (200 to 600 mg/day) via slow-release pacifier/dummy changes number of infants with a caries increment (dmfs) compared with control (sorbitol) tablets (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Infants (primary teeth)
1 finding from 1 review