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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

181 questions · 198 findings · 16 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 28 · 14.1%GRADE not reported 11 · 5.6%Very low 71 · 35.9%Low 71 · 35.9%Moderate 16 · 8.1%High 1 · 0.5%

Phenobarbital vs lorazepam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs lorazepam

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Need for mechanical ventilation · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes requirement of mechanical ventilation compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first loading dose of ASM · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after first… compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal loading dose of ASM · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal… compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM vs no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control

Proportion of infants with repeat seizure before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM changes proportion of infants with repeat seizure before hospital discharge compared with no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM vs no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM vs no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control

Mortality at 18‐24 months · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM showed no clear difference in mortality at 18‐24 months compared with no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM vs no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control

Neurodevelopmental disability at 18 to 24 months among survivors · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental disability at 18‐24 months compared with no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM vs no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control

Proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM showed no clear difference in proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge compared with no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Early amino acids vs Late amino acids

Growth during the first month of life · preterm born neonates
3 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Early amino acids vs Late amino acids

Neurodevelopmental outcomes · preterm born neonates

Summary of findings table ‐ Early amino acids showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental outcome assessed by any standard tool compared with late amino acids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review