Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

78 questions · 237 findings · 23 reviews

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 225 · 94.9%Very low 10 · 4.2%Low 2 · 0.8%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Access to dental care / health services vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Access to/visited dental services prevalence · Children (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 44% of children in LMICs had access to or had visited dental services (pooled prevalence 0.444, 95% CI 0.277 to 0.618; 5 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Middle SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 35% of children with caries in LMICs were of middle SES (pooled prevalence 0.353, 95% CI 0.180 to 0.550; 7 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

High SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 25% of children with caries in LMICs were of high SES (pooled prevalence 0.245, 95% CI 0.162 to 0.339; 5 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulpotomy (full or partial) vs None (single-arm pooled success proportion)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis due to carious pulp exposure

In symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, pooled pulpotomy success was 84% (95% CI 72-92%); not significantly different from asymptomatic (z=-1.34, p=0.18); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Tooth-coloured direct restorative materials (composite, compomer, giomer, RMGIC, HVGIC, open-sandwich) vs No comparator

Retention success rate · Children with primary molars requiring proximal (Class II) restorations

For the Rubber dam isolation: Yes subgroup, the 24-month retention success rate was 0.931 (95% CI 0.834-0.973; ungraded).

28 findings from 1 review
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Tooth-coloured direct restorative materials (composite, compomer, giomer, RMGIC, HVGIC, open-sandwich) vs No comparator

Marginal integrity success rate · Children with primary molars requiring proximal (Class II) restorations

After trim-and-fill adjustment the marginal integrity success rate was 0.881 (95% CI 0.832-0.916; ungraded), a negligible change.

2 findings from 1 review

Tooth-coloured direct restorative materials (composite, compomer, giomer, RMGIC, HVGIC, open-sandwich) vs No comparator

Anatomic form success rate · Children with primary molars requiring proximal (Class II) restorations

The pooled 24-month anatomic form success rate was 0.901 (95% CI 0.845-0.938; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

Tooth-coloured direct restorative materials (composite, compomer, giomer, RMGIC, HVGIC, open-sandwich) vs No comparator

Absence of recurrent caries success rate · Children with primary molars requiring proximal (Class II) restorations

After trim-and-fill adjustment the absence-of-recurrent-caries success rate was 0.878 (95% CI 0.828-0.915; ungraded), a negligible change.

2 findings from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Not applicable (single-arm safety outcome)

Serious adverse events · Children and older adults treated with SDF for carious lesions

No serious adverse events (e.g., allergic reactions or toxicity) were reported for SDF across the reviews (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Not applicable (single-arm safety outcome)

Adverse events: black staining of arrested lesions · Children and older adults treated with SDF for carious lesions

Black staining of arrested lesions was the main adverse event of SDF (reported by seven reviews); it was generally acceptable to patients (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs Untreated lesions (single-arm before vs after proportion)

Remineralisation of early enamel caries · Patients (mainly children) with white spot lesions (WSL)

Professionally applied 5% sodium fluoride varnish remineralised about two-thirds of early enamel caries lesions in children (pooled proportion 63.6%, 95% CI 36.0% to 91.2%; 4 studies); certainty was not GRADE-rated and heterogeneity was very high (I2=96%).

1 finding from 1 review

38% silver diamine fluoride vs Active dentine caries at baseline (single-arm before vs after proportion)

Arrest of dentine caries · Children with dentine caries in primary and permanent teeth

Professionally applied 38% silver diamine fluoride arrested about two-thirds of active dentine caries surfaces in children (pooled proportion 65.9%, 95% CI 41.2% to 90.7%; 5 studies); certainty was not GRADE-rated and heterogeneity was very high (I2=96%).

1 finding from 1 review

ART sealant using high-viscosity glass ionomer (press-finger technique) vs No comparator

Retention of sealant (complete or partial retention) · Pits and fissures of permanent (posterior) teeth

High-viscosity glass-ionomer ART sealants showed 4-year retention of 68% (95% CI 61-75%); evidence ungraded.

6 findings from 1 review
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High-viscosity glass-ionomer ART restorations vs No comparator

Restoration survival · Permanent posterior teeth with single-surface cavities

The pooled survival rate was 93% at 2 years.

6 findings from 1 review
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Multiple-surface ART restoration using high-viscosity glass ionomer vs No comparator

Restoration survival · Primary posterior teeth with multiple-surface cavities

Multiple-surface high-viscosity glass-ionomer ART restorations in primary teeth had moderate 2-year survival (62%, 95% CI 51-73%); evidence ungraded.

3 findings from 1 review

High-viscosity glass-ionomer ART restorations vs No comparator

Restoration survival · Primary posterior teeth with single-surface cavities

The pooled survival rate was 95% at 1 year.

3 findings from 1 review

ART sealant using high-viscosity glass ionomer (press-finger technique) vs No comparator

Caries-free sealed pits and fissures · Pits and fissures of permanent (posterior) teeth

Pits and fissures sealed with high-viscosity glass-ionomer ART sealants remained dentine lesion-free in 100% (95% CI 99-100%) at 1-year; evidence ungraded.

6 findings from 1 review
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Multiple-surface ART restoration using high-viscosity glass ionomer vs No comparator

Restoration survival · Permanent posterior teeth with multiple-surface cavities

Multiple-surface high-viscosity glass-ionomer ART restorations in permanent teeth had high 1-year survival (86%, 95% CI 59-98%); evidence ungraded.

3 findings from 1 review