Laparoscopic showed no clear difference in major complications ( compared with open surgery (low certainty).
Laparoscopic showed no clear difference in disease‐free survival at 5 years compared with open total mesorectal excision (moderate certainty).
Laparoscopic showed no clear difference in overall survival at 5 years compared with open total mesorectal excision (moderate certainty).
Laparoscopic showed no clear difference in local recurrences compared with open total mesorectal excision (moderate certainty).
Laparoscopic showed no clear difference in CRM positivity compared with open total mesorectal excision (moderate certainty).
Laparoscopic showed no clear difference in 30‐day morbidity (total) compared with open total mesorectal excision (moderate certainty).
It is very uncertain whether early changes overall morbidity Median compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether early changes wound infection Median compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether early changes abdominal abscess Median compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether early changes faecal fistula Median compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether early changes total length of hospital stay (days) compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether early changes time away from normal activities (days) Median compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).