Nipple damage within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of any breastfeeding · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast pain · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Number of women with adverse events · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Low birthweight · pregnant women
Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin B12 supplementation showed no clear difference in low birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with placebo/no vitamin B12 supplementation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low Apgar score · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia
Induction of labour showed no clear difference in low Apgar score (5 minutes) compared with expectant management (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low arterial cord blood pH (< 7.10) · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia
Induction of labour showed no clear difference in low arterial cord blood pH (< 7.10) compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low birthweight · Pregnant women (healthy and probable zinc deficiency)
Zinc supplementation showed no clear difference in low Birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with no zinc (with or without placebo) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Costs of postnatal care following discharge from hospital in the period up to 6 weeks after the birth · healthy mothers and term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Costs of hospital care in the period immediately following the birth up to the time of discharge · healthy mothers and term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Low Apgar score · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
Soft cup showed no clear difference in low Apgar score at 5 minutes (less than 7 or as defined by trial… compared with rigid cup (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
Soft cup showed no clear difference in low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) compared with rigid cup (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low Apgar score · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
Handheld vacuum showed no clear difference in low Apgar score at 5 minutes (< 7 or as defined by trial authors) compared with any vacuum cup (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
Handheld vacuum showed no clear difference in low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) compared with any vacuum cup (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low Apgar score · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
Any type of forceps showed no clear difference in low Apgar score at 5 minutes (< 7 or as defined by trial authors) compared with any type of vacuum cup (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
Any type of forceps showed no clear difference in low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) compared with any type of vacuum cup (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Lower limb compression vs control · women having spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes lower limb compression vs control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Participant‐reported pain intensity VAS (0‐10, lower score = less pain) · pain management in labour
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity (0‐10cm visual analogue scale) · pain management in labour
1 finding from 1 review
Participant‐reported pain intensity VAS (0‐10, lower score = less pain) · pain management in labour
1 finding from 1 review