What do systematic reviews say?

Pain ‐ long term (12 months and beyond) Pain subscale of Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (0 to 100 points, higher score means more pain) · rheumatoid arthritis of the hand

Self‐efficacy. Self‐efficacy scores transformed to exercise beliefs score with score range from 17 to 85. Higher score indicated greater self‐efficacy. Mean duration of · people with chronic hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis

SF‐36 social function. Domain of SF‐36 considered representative of quality of life: mental health domain largely covered by depression and anxiety above: scale of 0‐100. Higher score indicated improved social function. Mean duration of · people with chronic hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Quality of life (mental component) (short‐term) SF‐36 physical component scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better quality of life). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Function (short‐term) DRI scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Quality of life (short‐term) GSI scale from 0 to 10 (higher is worse quality of life). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Function (short‐term) Harris function score from: 0 to 47 (higher is better function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

Joint mobility Range of motion Scale from 0°‐135° (higher number reflects better outcome) · people with neurological conditions1

Participation restrictions 100 mm return to usual work activities VAS (higher score reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1

Activity limitations 18‐point upper limb scale (higher score reflects better outcome) · people with neurological conditions1

Joint mobility Range of motion Scale from 0°‐90° (higher number reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1

Quality of life 160‐point Burn Specific Health Scale‐Brief questionnaire (higher score reflects better outcome) · people with non‐neurological conditions1

Physical function · patients with rheumatoid arthritis