Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

207 questions · 244 findings · 20 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 53 · 21.7%GRADE not reported 6 · 2.5%Very low 50 · 20.5%Low 39 · 16%Moderate 69 · 28.3%High 27 · 11.1%

Botulinum toxin vs placebo

Participant‐reported improvement in sialorrhea in the short term · sialorrhea (excessive saliva) in people with motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Botulinum toxin injection showed no clear difference in participant‐reported improvement in sialorrhea in the short term… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U vs OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U

Participant assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 4 weeks · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U showed no clear difference in participant assessment success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 4… compared with onabotulinumtoxinA 20U (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U vs OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U

Major adverse events (eyelid ptosis, eyelid sensory disorder, strabismus) · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U showed no clear difference in major adverse events ‐ Any major adverse events (eyelid ptosis,… compared with onabotulinumtoxinA 20U (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U vs OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U

Physician assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 4 weeks (Validated tools, wrinkles and lines at maximum contraction) · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U showed no clear difference in physician assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 4… compared with onabotulinumtoxinA 20U (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ IncobotulinumtoxinA 24U vs OnabotulinumtoxinA 24U

Physician assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 4 weeks (Validated tools, wrinkles and lines at maximum contraction) · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ IncobotulinumtoxinA 24U showed no clear difference in physician assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 4… compared with onabotulinumtoxinA 24U (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment vs conservative treatment

Improvement (greater than 50% of time spent) heel‐toe walking Measured by parents' perception of toe walking frequency more than 50% of the time. · children with ITW gait

It is very uncertain whether botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment changes improvement (greater than 50% of time spent) heel‐toe walking… compared with conservative treatment only (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review