Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

704 questions · 710 findings · 81 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 227 · 32%GRADE not reported 38 · 5.4%Very low 178 · 25.1%Low 178 · 25.1%Moderate 80 · 11.3%High 9 · 1.3%

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

Abstinence · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in abstinence at end of treatment compared with placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

Abstinence at end of treatment ‐ homozygous major · people who smoke

Active NRT leads to higher abstinence at end of treatment ‐ homozygous major compared with placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

Abstinence at end of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor · people who smoke

Active NRT probably leads to lower abstinence at end of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor compared with placebo ‐ rs16969968 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs1051730 ‐ non‐Hispanic white

Abstinence at end of treatment ‐ homozygous major · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in abstinence at end of treatment ‐ homozygous major compared with placebo ‐ rs1051730 ‐ non‐Hispanic white (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

End of treatment ‐ homozygous major · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in end of treatment ‐ homozygous major compared with placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American

End of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in end of treatment ‐ heterozygous or homozygous minor compared with placebo ‐ rs2036527 ‐ non‐Hispanic black or African American (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ rs1051730 ‐ non‐Hispanic white

Abstinence at end of treatment ‐ heterozygous · people who smoke

Active NRT probably leads to higher abstinence at end of treatment ‐ heterozygous compared with placebo ‐ rs1051730 ‐ non‐Hispanic white (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ DRD4 (exon 3 48 bp) ‐ non‐Hispanic white

End of treatment ‐ homozygous major · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether active NRT changes end of treatment ‐ homozygous major compared with placebo ‐ DRD4 (exon 3 48 bp) ‐ non‐Hispanic white (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ DRD4 (exon 3 48 bp) ‐ non‐Hispanic white

End of treatment ‐ heterozygous · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether active NRT changes end of treatment ‐ heterozygous compared with placebo ‐ DRD4 (exon 3 48 bp) ‐ non‐Hispanic white (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active NRT vs placebo ‐ DRD4 (exon 3 48 bp) ‐ non‐Hispanic white

End of treatment ‐ homozygous minor · people who smoke

Active NRT showed no clear difference in end of treatment ‐ homozygous minor compared with placebo ‐ DRD4 (exon 3 48 bp) ‐ non‐Hispanic white (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review