What do systematic reviews say?

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no training

• Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions leads to lower excessive weight gain compared with standard/other care (high certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.73, 0.87]
  24 studies · 7096 participants
  High

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions probably leads to higher low weight gain compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [1.02, 1.27]
  11 studies · 4422 participants
  Moderate

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in preterm birth compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.68, 1.22]
  16 studies · 5923 participants
  Moderate

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia compared with standard/other care (high certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.77, 1.16]
  15 studies · 5330 participants
  High

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in caesarean delivery compared with standard/other care (high certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.88, 1.03]
  28 studies · 7534 participants
  High

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g compared with standard/other care (high certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.86, 1.02]
  27 studies · 8598 participants
  High

Exercise vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2746 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2942 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs other conservative treatment

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6295 participants
  Low

Exercise vs other conservative treatment

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6004 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for people undergoing multimodal cancer treatment that includes surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 381 participants
  Low

Exercise vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for people undergoing multimodal cancer treatment that includes surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 507 participants
  Low