Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · European GWAS participants
The SVMR IVW interval excluded zero.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Log diagnostic odds ratio
1 finding from 1 review
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) · Humans who use e-cigarettes (mostly adults, often with periodontal disease) assessed for oral proinflammatory markers
Meta-analysis suggests no significant effect of e-cigarette use on the salivary level of Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) (11 studies), though heterogeneity was high (I2=97%) and the pooled estimate appears only in Figure 3B (unavailable); GCF data were limited (2 study(ies)) (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Log diagnostic odds ratio (trim-and-fill adjusted for publication bias)
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Log diagnostic odds ratio
1 finding from 1 review
Forearm fracture · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on fracture of forearm (multivariable MR, OR 0.995).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Sensitivity
1 finding from 1 review
Femur fracture · European GWAS participants
The SVMR Weighted Median interval included the null.
3 findings from 1 review
OR 1.055 [0.979, 1.136]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
OR 1.044 [0.983, 1.109]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
OR 1.063 [0.991, 1.140]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
Postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European GWAS participants
The SVMR Weighted Median interval included the null.
3 findings from 1 review
OR 0.979 [0.826, 1.159]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported
OR 1.014 [0.872, 1.179]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported
OR 0.934 [0.786, 1.111]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Specificity
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Sensitivity
1 finding from 1 review
Postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture · Postmenopausal women (European ancestry)
Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture (single-variable MR, OR 1.014).
2 findings from 1 review
Reduced enamel demineralization · Cariogenic bacteria (mainly Streptococcus mutans reference strains) and oral biofilms in vitro
A single in vitro study found postbiotics reduce enamel demineralization (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Osteoporosis · European GWAS participants
The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.005 [0.940, 1.074]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported
Virulence-gene expression related to adhesion acid production and exopolysaccharide synthesis · Cariogenic bacteria (mainly Streptococcus mutans reference strains) and oral biofilms in vitro
No meta-analysis was conducted; the narrative synthesis reported reduced expression of Streptococcus mutans virulence genes.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Specificity
1 finding from 1 review
IL-8 level · People who use electronic cigarettes
The review reports that GCF evidence was limited and may show a potential association.
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study
GRADE not reported
Cohen's d -0.32 [-0.99, 0.35]
5 studies
GRADE not reported
Cohen's d -0.43 [-1.02, 0.14]
6 studies
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Inhibition of S. sobrinus growth and biofilm formation (incl. ftf/gtfB/gtfC expression)
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study
GRADE not reported
Increased salivary pH · children aged 6‐12 years
Postbiotic toothpaste raises salivary pH in one pediatric RCT (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Sensitivity
1 finding from 1 review