Pain intensity (number of people with ≥ 50% improvement) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
CBT may leads to higher pain intensity (number of people with ≥ 50% improvement) (Higher… compared with TAU (post‐treatment) (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults with Raynaud's phenomenon (primary or secondary)
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · adults with low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Mean pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale 0–10) · adults with cancer‐related pain
Cannabis‐based medicines showed no clear difference in mean pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale 0–10) compared with placebo medication (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension—not reported · procedural pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · procedural pain in neonates
It is very uncertain whether opioids changes hypotension compared with other analgesics (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · procedural pain in neonates
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · children with acute postoperative pain
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 participants
GRADE not reported
Pain intensity ‐ as reported by child, at 2 to 24 hours № of participants: 300 (3 RCTs) · children with acute postoperative pain
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 2 participants
Very low
Pain intensity ‐ as reported by child, at 0 to 2 hours № of participants: 180 (2 RCTs) · children with acute postoperative pain
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity ‐ as reported by child, at 2 to 24 hours № of participants: 300 (3 RCTs) · children with acute postoperative pain
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · children with acute postoperative pain
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 participants
GRADE not reported
no estimate extracted
2 participants
GRADE not reported
Reduction in pain intensity · children with acute postoperative pain
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 participants
GRADE not reported
no estimate extracted
2 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure No. of participants: 124(1 RCT) · Procedural pain in neonates
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid… (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 5.53 [0.27, 112.3]
Studies not reported
Very low
Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure · procedural pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in pain intensity at treatment completion compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Hypertension · Healthy children aged 6–24 months in Western industrialized countries
No eligible studies on caregivers' feeding practices during complementary feeding and later hypertension were found.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Relaxation showed no clear difference in pain intensity compared with occlusal (oral) appliance; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomesTreatment completion · Adolescents (12-19 years)
Not pooled. Wahlund 2015: MD 3.70 (95% CI -1.21 to 8.61), n=57 (relaxation 28, appliance 29); Wahlund 2003: MD not reported, n=83 (relaxation 41, appliance 42). Both studies were in adolescents; the occlusal appliance…
2 studies · 140 participants
GRADE not reported
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Hope-based intervention showed no clear difference in pain intensity compared with pain education; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review