Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

870 questions · 912 findings · 85 reviews · Airways

No studies found 65 · 7.1%GRADE not reported 34 · 3.7%Very low 115 · 12.6%Low 273 · 29.9%Moderate 330 · 36.2%High 95 · 10.4%

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life (respiratory specific) St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ; total score) Scale from 0‐100 Lower value post intervention is favourable, indicating improvement in health‐related quality of life · people with stable COPD
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life (generic) SF‐36 (Physical Component Summary (PCS) score) Scale from 0‐100 Higher value post intervention is favourable, indicating improvement in health‐related quality of life · people with stable COPD
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life (generic) SF‐36 (Mental Component Sumary (MCS) score) Scale from 0‐100 Higher value post intervention is favourable, indicating improvement in health‐related quality of life · people with stable COPD
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dyspnoea Basal Dyspnea Index (BDI) (score) Scale from 0‐12 Higher value post intervention is favourable, indicating improvement in dyspnoea · people with stable COPD
1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological treatment vs placebo

Prolonged abstinence at longest · smokers with COPD

Pharmacological treatment leads to higher prolonged abstinence at longest compared with placebo (high certainty).

5 findings from 1 review
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Indacaterol vs placebo

Quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant improvement (≥ 4 units) in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol leads to higher number of participants with a clinically significant improvement in… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Indacaterol vs placebo

Improvement in symptoms: number of participants with clinically significant improvement: using TDI focal score (≥ 1 unit) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol leads to higher number of participants with clinically significant improvement in… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review