Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,017 questions · 1,061 findings · 131 reviews

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No studies found 193 · 18.2%GRADE not reported 65 · 6.1%Very low 237 · 22.3%Low 325 · 30.6%Moderate 187 · 17.6%High 54 · 5.1%

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Sepsis diagnosed after randomisation: range 28 d to 60 d · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in sepsis: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.26, 2.86]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [0.56, 3.14]
1 study · 67 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.82 [0.84, 9.46]
1 study · 64 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Bleeding complications: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in bleeding complications: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.81 [0.2, 3.27]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2 [0.19, 20.72]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.72 [0.13, 3.96]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.52 [0.37, 6.23]
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.07 [0.41, 10.43]
1 study · 57 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 25: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 25: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.07, 16.36]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 25 ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 25 ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.07, 15.74]
1 study · 51 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Necrotizing enterocolitis ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitis ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.15, 6.57]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.66 [0.89, 3.1]
8 studies · 965 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Symptomatic recurrent DVT at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic recurrent DVT at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.29 [0.64, 17.06]
1 study · 115 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

PE at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in PE at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.44 [0.73, 2.84]
9 studies · 1161 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

VTE‐related mortality4 · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in VTE‐related mortality at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.98 [0.2, 4.88]
9 studies · 1168 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Major bleedingd (3 months) · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in major bleedingd (7 days ‐ 12 months) compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.91 [0.42, 1.97]
4 studies · 583 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

All‐cause mortality (5 days to 12 months) · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (5 days to 12 months) compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.74 [0.67, 4.51]
8 studies · 972 participants
Low

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Asymptomatic VTE at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vaginal PGE2 vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · women with one previous lower segment caesarean section and requiring labour induction due to prolonged pregnancy or pre‐eclampsia,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Methods of term labour induction for women with a previous caesarean section 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vaginal misoprostol vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Serious maternal morbidity or death · women with a previous caesarean section

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Methods of term labour induction for women with a previous caesarean section 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found