Episiotomy · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
Ritgen's manoeuvre showed no clear difference in episiotomy compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
1st degree tear · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
Hands off (or poised) showed no clear difference in 1st degree tear compared with hands on (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
2nd degree tear · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
Hands off (or poised) showed no clear difference in 2nd degree tear compared with hands on (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
3rd or 4th degree tears · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
It is very uncertain whether hands off (or poised) changes 3rd or 4th degree tears compared with hands on (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Episiotomy · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
Hands off (or poised) may leads to lower episiotomy compared with hands on (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intact perineum · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
Warm compresses showed no clear difference in intact perineum compared with control (hands off or no warm compress) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal trauma requiring suturing · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
It is very uncertain whether warm compresses changes perineal trauma requiring suturing compared with control (hands off or no warm compress) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
1st degree tear · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
It is very uncertain whether warm compresses changes 1st degree tear compared with control (hands off or no warm compress) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Menstrual regularity at 12 months Laser LOD vs harmonic scalpel N of participants: 34 (1 RCT) · Women with symptoms of PCOS
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Improvement in androgenic symptoms · Women with symptoms of PCOS
LOD showed no clear difference in improvement in androgenic symptoms at 6 months (hirsutism/acne) ‐… compared with medical interventions (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
OR 1 [0.42, 2.37]
Studies not reported
Low
OR 3.2 [0.33, 30.94]
Studies not reported
Very low
Harms: GI Upset at 6 months ‐ LOD vs metformin + clomiphene N of participants: 332 (2 RCTs) Harms: OHSS rates at 6 months ‐ LOD vs gonadotrophins N of participants: 33 (1 RCT) · Women with symptoms of PCOS
LOD probably leads to lower harms: GI Upset at 6 months ‐ LOD vs metformin + clomiphene N of… compared with medical interventions (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 0.05 [0.01, 0.36]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Outcomes1 · patients undergoing epilepsy surgery with medically refractory epilepsy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Epilepsy Surgery Outcome Engel Class Outcome · patients undergoing epilepsy surgery with medically refractory epilepsy
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Responder Rate · patients undergoing epilepsy surgery with medically refractory epilepsy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
ILAE Epilepsy Surgery Outcome · patients undergoing epilepsy surgery with medically refractory epilepsy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Adverse Events · patients undergoing epilepsy surgery with medically refractory epilepsy
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of Life · patients undergoing epilepsy surgery with medically refractory epilepsy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain: long‐term · people with low back pain
It is very uncertain whether back School changes pain: long‐term compared with medical care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disability: short‐term · people with low back pain
It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: short‐term compared with medical care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · people with low back pain
It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: intermediate‐term compared with medical care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review