Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Residual renal function (GFR; · PD patients
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted15 studies · 835 participantsHigh
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
4,776 questions · 7,311 findings · 959 reviews · Headline outcomes only
No studies found 1,498 · 20.5%GRADE not reported 303 · 4.1%Very low 1,839 · 25.2%Low 1,991 · 27.2%Moderate 1,277 · 17.5%High 403 · 5.5%
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Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Urine volume ( · PD patients
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted11 studies · 791 participantsHigh
Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Peritoneal ultrafiltration ‐ 4 hours (mL/4 hours) ( · PD patients
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted9 studies · 414 participantsLow
Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Peritoneal solute transport rate (4‐hour dialysis:plasma creatinine) ( · PD patients
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted10 studies · 746 participantsLow
Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Peritonitis · PD patients
Low GDP (all buffer types) showed no clear difference in peritonitis rate (episodes/total patient‐months) (up to 24 months) compared with standard glucose dialysate (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.18 [0.84, 1.64]10 studies · 18184 participantsLow
Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Technique failure (death‐censored) ( · PD patients
Low GDP (all buffer types) showed no clear difference in technique failure (death‐censored) ( compared with standard glucose dialysate (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.1 [0.75, 1.63]15 studies · 1275 participantsLow
Low GDP (all buffer types) vs standard glucose dialysate
Death (all causes) ( · PD patients
Low GDP (all buffer types) showed no clear difference in death (all causes) ( compared with standard glucose dialysate (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.73 [0.47, 1.14]1229 participantsLow
Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose
Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction
Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with higher dose (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.21 [0.03, 1.41]2 studies · 135 participantsLow
Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose
Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction
It is very uncertain whether methylnaltrexone lower dose changes laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with higher dose (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 2.91 [0.82, 10.39]1 study · 26 participantsVery low
Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose
Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction
Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel statusgat… compared with higher dose (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.98 [0.71, 1.35]1 study · 102 participantsLow
Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose
Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction
Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term compared with higher dose (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 102 participantsLow
Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose
Serious adverse events · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose
Adverse events · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction
Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with higher dose (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1 [1, 1]2 studies · 135 participantsLow
Slow shock wave lithotripsy vs rapid shock wave lithotripsy
Stone‐free rate
It is very uncertain whether slow shock wave lithotripsy changes stone‐free rate compared with rapid shock wave lithotripsy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of urinary stones in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 2.25 [1.16, 4.36]1 study · 60 participantsVery low
Slow shock wave lithotripsy vs rapid shock wave lithotripsy
Serious adverse events or complications of treatment
1 finding from 1 review
- Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of urinary stones in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 60 participantsVery low
Slow shock wave lithotripsy vs rapid shock wave lithotripsy
Secondary procedures
It is very uncertain whether slow shock wave lithotripsy changes secondary procedures compared with rapid shock wave lithotripsy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of urinary stones in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.38 [0.11, 1.28]1 study · 60 participantsVery low
Slow shock wave lithotripsy vs rapid shock wave lithotripsy
Hospital stay — not reported
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of urinary stones in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin
Extracorporeal circuit thrombosis Median · adults with kidney failure treated with long‐term HD
1 finding from 1 review
- 1.58 [0.46, 5.42]3 studies · 91 participantsLow
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin
Major bleeding · adults with kidney failure treated with long‐term HD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin
Death (any cause) (median · adults with kidney failure treated with long‐term HD
Low molecular weight heparin showed no clear difference in death (any cause) Median compared with unfractionated heparin (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.64 [0.51, 13.83]3 studies · 120 participantsLow