Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

958 questions · 991 findings · 123 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 177 · 17.9%GRADE not reported 25 · 2.5%Very low 230 · 23.2%Low 321 · 32.4%Moderate 185 · 18.7%High 53 · 5.3%

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 25 ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 25 ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Symptomatic recurrent DVT at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic recurrent DVT at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

VTE‐related mortality4 · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in VTE‐related mortality at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Major bleedingd (3 months) · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in major bleedingd (7 days ‐ 12 months) compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

All‐cause mortality (5 days to 12 months) · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (5 days to 12 months) compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foley catheter vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · pregnant women with a previous low transverse caesarean section, singleton live pregnancy with cephalic presentation, period of gestation…

Foley catheter showed no clear difference in vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours compared with intravenous (IV) oxytocin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foley catheter vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate changes · pregnant women with a previous low transverse caesarean section, singleton live pregnancy with cephalic presentation, period of gestation…

Foley catheter showed no clear difference in uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate changes compared with intravenous (IV) oxytocin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foley catheter vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Caesarean section · pregnant women with a previous low transverse caesarean section, singleton live pregnancy with cephalic presentation, period of gestation…

Foley catheter showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with intravenous (IV) oxytocin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal PGE2 vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Caesarean section · women with one previous lower segment caesarean section and requiring labour induction due to prolonged pregnancy or pre‐eclampsia,…

Vaginal PGE2 showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with intravenous (IV) oxytocin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal PGE2 vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Serious neonatal morbidity or perinatal death · women with one previous lower segment caesarean section and requiring labour induction due to prolonged pregnancy or pre‐eclampsia,…

Vaginal PGE2 showed no clear difference in serious neonatal morbidity/perinatal death compared with intravenous (IV) oxytocin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review