Intervention not reported
Adverse effects · a) hospitals, b) hospitalised Medicare patients, c) Medicaid and Medicare patients
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Resource use Amount collected and return on investment · a) hospitals, b) hospitalised Medicare patients, c) Medicaid and Medicare patients
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High
Intervention not reported
Resource use Estimated programme savings · a) hospitals, b) hospitalised Medicare patients, c) Medicaid and Medicare patients
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Intervention not reported
Healthcare and health outcomes · a) hospitals, b) hospitalised Medicare patients, c) Medicaid and Medicare patients
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Corruption Pharmaceutical company spending on gifts · a) pharmaceutical companies, b) community health centre staff, c) health service users
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Corruption Fraud · a) pharmaceutical companies, b) community health centre staff, c) health service users
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Corruption Informal payments · a) pharmaceutical companies, b) community health centre staff, c) health service users
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Intervention not reported
Adverse effects · a) pharmaceutical companies, b) community health centre staff, c) health service users
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Adverse effects · doctors
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Resource use · a) pharmaceutical companies, b) community health centre staff, c) health service users
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Healthcare and health outcomes · a) pharmaceutical companies, b) community health centre staff, c) health service users
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Resource use · doctors
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Healthcare and health outcomes · doctors
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Corruption Overbilling (false or fraudulent claims) · health professionals
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Adverse effects · health professionals
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Resource use Healthcare expenditures · health professionals
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Healthcare and health outcomes Utilisation and health outcomes · health professionals
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Corruption Complaints and convictions · a) hospitals, b) hospitalised Medicare patients, c) Medicaid and Medicare patients
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Adverse drug events · older people (aged 65 years or older) living in care homes
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Hospital admissions · older people (aged 65 years or older) living in care homes
1 finding from 1 review