Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · women in labour with planned vaginal delivery
1 finding from 1 review
Additional analgesia required (escape analgesia) · women in labour with planned vaginal delivery
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · women in labour with planned vaginal delivery
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal apnoea · women in labour with planned vaginal delivery
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal respiratory depression (< 8 breaths/min) · women in labour with planned vaginal delivery
Remifentanil (PCA) may leads to lower maternal respiratory depression (< 8 breaths/min) compared with remifentanil (continuous IV) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · women in labour with planned vaginal delivery
1 finding from 1 review
Length of stay (days) (CL from birth) · preterm or low birth weight infants undergoing hospital care
1 finding from 1 review
Days on ventilator · preterm or low birth weight infants undergoing hospital care
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in caesarean section ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cord pH less than 7.05 and base deficit greater than 12 mmol/L ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in cord pH less than 7.05 and base deficit greater than 12 mmol/L ‐ ST… compared with CTG alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal encephalopathy ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in neonatal encephalopathy ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fetal blood sampling ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… leads to lower fetal blood sampling ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumental vaginal birth · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… leads to lower operative vaginal delivery ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal admission to special care · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal special care unit ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any perinatal death after randomisation · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in perinatal death ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Daily mean opiate intake per hour · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis
Morphine via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) led to lower daily mean opiate intake per hour compared with morphine via continuous infusion (CI); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Average pain scores (0-100 VAS) · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis
Morphine via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) showed no clear difference in average pain scores (0-100 VAS) compared with morphine via continuous infusion (CI); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of pain control therapy (days) · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis
Morphine via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) led to lower duration of pain control therapy (days) compared with morphine via continuous infusion (CI); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Failed CPAP · preterm infants with apnea
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · preterm infants with apnea
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found