Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,543 questions · 2,589 findings · 168 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 601 · 23.2%GRADE not reported 446 · 17.2%Very low 721 · 27.8%Low 505 · 19.5%Moderate 274 · 10.6%High 42 · 1.6%

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs OLANZAPINE

Specific behaviour: Agitation ‐ clinically important change (PANSS ‐EC reduction ≥ 40% from baseline) ‐ up to 2 hours · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) may leads to lower specific behaviour: Agitation ‐ clinically important change (PANSS… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: b. OLANZAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs OLANZAPINE

Adverse effects: one or more adverse effects during 24 hours · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes adverse effects: one or more adverse effects during 24 hours compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: b. OLANZAPINE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs PLACEBO/NIL

Repeated need for tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injections during 24 hours · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes repeated need for tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injections… compared with PLACEBO/NIL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs PLACEBO/NIL

Specific behaviour: Agitation ‐ clinically important change (PANSS ‐EC reduction ≥ 40% from baseline) ‐ up to 2 hours · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes specific behaviour: Agitation ‐ clinically important change (PANSS… compared with PLACEBO/NIL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs PLACEBO/NIL

Global state: non‐responders to the first injection · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) may leads to lower global state: non‐responders to the first injection compared with PLACEBO/NIL (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs PLACEBO/NIL

Adverse effects: one or more adverse events during 24 hours (only reported if occurred in ≥ 5% of people) · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes adverse effects: one or more adverse events during 24 hours (only… compared with PLACEBO/NIL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs haloperidol

Repeated need for tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injections during 24 hours · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes repeated need for tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injections… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: a. HALOPERIDOL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs haloperidol

Specific behaviour: Agitation ‐ clinically important change (PANSS ‐EC reduction ≥ 40% from baseline) ‐ up to 2 hours · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes specific behaviour: Agitation ‐ clinically important change (PANSS… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: a. HALOPERIDOL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs ALL OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES

Mental state: General ‐ clinically important change (no improvement) · patients with schizophrenia

CBT showed no clear difference in mental state: General ‐ clinically important change (no improvement) compared with ALL OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review